| TCID | Name | Organismal Type | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.A.4.1.1 | Transient receptor potential (TRP) protein | Animals | TRP protein of Drosophila melanogaster (P19334) |
| 1.A.4.1.2 | TRP7 receptor-activated capacitative Ca | Animals | TRP7 of Mus musculus (Q9WVC5) |
| 1.A.4.1.3 | TRPC1 store-operated Ca2+ channel (Liu et al., 2003) (activated by the metabotropic [G- protein-dependent] glutamate receptor, mGluR1) (Kim et al., 2003) (controls salivary gland fluid secretion in mice (Liu et al., 2007a). | Animals | TRPC1 of Homo sapiens (P48995) |
| 1.A.4.1.4 | TRPC3 store-operated non-selective cation channel (activated by thapsigargin and 2 acyl glycerol; forms a heteromeric channel with TrpC1, TC #1.A.4.1.3) (Liu et al., 2005) | Animals | TRPC3 of Homo sapiens (Q13507) |
| 1.A.4.1.5 | TRPC6 cation channel (mutation causes familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis) (Winn et al., 2005; Mukerji et al., 2007). | Animals | TRPC6 of Homo sapiens (Q9Y210) |
| 1.A.4.1.6 | Sperm TRP-3 (translocated from vesicles to the plasma membrane upon sperm activation) during sperm-egg interactions leading to fertilization (Xu et al., 2003) | Animals | TRP-3 of Caenorhabditis elegans (AAQ22724) |
| 1.A.4.1.7 | Short transient receptor channel 5 (TrpC5 or Htrp5) (transports Ca2+ and Sr2+ in the presence of Orai1 and STIM1 (TC# 1.A.52.1.1) (Ma et al., 2008) | Animals | TrpC5 of Homo sapiens (Q9UL62) |
| 1.A.4.2.1 | Vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (VR1 or TRPV1) (noxious, heat-sensitive [>42°C]; also sensitive to acidic pH and voltage; serves as the receptor for the alkaloid irritant, capsaicin, and for resiniferatoxin; regulated by bradykinin and prostaglandin E2) (contains a C-terminal region, adjacent to the channel gate, that determines the coupling of stimulus sensing and channel opening (Garcia-Sanz et al., 2007; Matta and Ahern, 2007). Activated and sensitized by local anesthetics in sensory neurons (Leffler et al., 2008). A bivalent tarantula toxin activates the capsaicin receptor (TRPV1) by targeting the outer pore domain (Bohlen et al., 2010). | Animals | VR1 of Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.A.4.2.2 | Stretch-inhibitable non-selective cation channel, SIC | Animals | SIC of Mus musculus |
| 1.A.4.2.3 | Vitamin D-responsive, apical, epithelial Ca | Animals | ECaC of Oryctolagus cuniculus |
| 1.A.4.2.4 | Insulin-like growth factor I-regulated Ca | Animals | IGF-regulated Ca |
| 1.A.4.2.5 | Vanilloid receptor-related, osmotically activated channel, VR-OAC (also called TRPV4 and Trp12); required for bladder voiding in mice (Gevaert et al., 2007). Regulated by Pacsin3 via its SH3 domain which affects its subcellular localization and inhibits its activity in a stimulus-specific fashion (D'hoedt et al., 2008). Responsible for autosomal dominant brachyolmia (Rock et al., 2008). | Animals | VR-OAC of Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.A.4.2.6 | Osmosensitive transient receptor potential channel 3, O-TRP3 | Animals | O-TRP3 of Mus musculus |
| 1.A.4.2.7 | Intestinal endocyte Ca2+ (Sr2+; Ba2+) entry channel, CaT1 | Animals | CaT1 of Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.A.4.2.8 | The noxious heat (>52°C)-sensitive vanilloid-like receptor cation selective channel, TRPV2 | Animals | TRPV2 of Homo sapiens |
| 1.A.4.2.9 | The temperature (heat; >39°C)-sensitive, capsaicin-insensitive receptor cation-selective channel, TRPV3 or TRL3 (may form heterooligomers with VR1 (TRPV1; TC #1.A.4.2.1)) Incensole acetate, an incense component, elicits psychoactivity by activating TRPV3 channels in the brain (Moussaieff et al., 2008). | Animals | TRPV3 of Homo sapiens |
| 1.A.4.2.10 | TRPV5 epithelial Ca2+ channel (ECaCl) (forms homo- and heterotetrameric channels with TRPV6; requires the S100A10-annexin 2 complex for routing to the plasma membrane) (Hoenderop et al., 2003; van de Graaf et al., 2003) | Animals | TRPV5 of Homo sapiens (NP_062815) |
| 1.A.4.2.11 | TRPV6 epithelial Ca2+ channel (ECaC2) (forms homo- and heterotetrameric channels with TRPV5; requires the S100A10-annexin 2 complex for routing to the plasma membrane) (Hoenderop et al., 2003; van de Graaf et al., 2003). Epithelial TrpV6, but not TrpV5, is inhibited by the regulator of G-protein signaling 2 (RGS2; Q9JHX0; 211 aas) by direct binding (Schoeber et al., 2006). Cyclophilin B is an accessory activating protein (Stumpf et al., 2008). | Animals | TRPV6 of Homo sapiens (NP_071858) |
| 1.A.4.2.12 | Epithelial calcium channel, ECaC (Liao et al., 2007). | Animals | ECaC of Danio rerio (Q6JQN0) |
| 1.A.4.3.1 | Olfactory, mechanosensitive channel. Forms a complex with Stim1 and Orai1 (TC# 1.A.52.1.1) which is required for SOC currents (Cheng et al., 2008) (most similar to 1.A.4.8.1, but both are most closely related to 1.A.4.2). | Animals | Olfactory channel of Caenorhabditis elegans |
| 1.A.4.4.1 | Vacuolar, voltage-dependent cation-selective, Ca2+-activated channel, YVC1. (Yeast vacuolar conductance protein 1; also called TrpY1; Yor088w) (Chang et al., 2009). Activated by stretch to release vacuolar Ca2+ into the cytoplasm upon osmotic upshock. (Activated by indole and other aromatic compounds (Haynes et al., 2008)). | Yeast | YVC1 (Yor088w) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Q12324) |
| 1.A.4.5.1 | Non-selective channel kinase-1; Mg2+-ATP-regulated divalent cation channel, LTRPC7 | Animals | Channel-kinase-1 (LTRPC7) of Homo sapiens |
| 1.A.4.5.2 | Melastatin 1 (a non-selective, Ca2+-permeable cation channel, implicated in cell death (Wilkinson et al., 2008). | Animals | Melastatin 1 of Homo sapiens |
| 1.A.4.5.3 | MLSN1- and TRP-related MTR1 | Animals | MTR1 of Homo sapiens |
| 1.A.4.5.4 | Ca2+-activated nonselective cation (Na+ and K+) channel (non-permeable to Ca2+), TRPM4b. Forms a protein-protein interaction with the TRPC3 channel and suppresses store-operated Ca+ entry (Park et al., 2008) | Animals | TRPM4b of Homo sapiens |
| 1.A.4.5.5 | ADP-ribose/NAD/pyrimidine nucleotide-gated Ca2+ permeable, cation nonselective, long transient receptor potential channel-2, LTRPC2 (ATP inhibitable). The 3-D structure resembles a swollen bell shaped structure (Maruyama et al., 2007). Can be converted to an anion selective channel by introducing a lysyl residue in TMS 6 (Kuhn et al., 2007). Transports Ca2+ and Mg2+ with equal facility (Xia et al., 2008). Four Ca2+ ions activate TRPM2 channels by binding in deep crevices near the pore but intracellularly of the gate (Csanády and Törocsik, 2009). Protons also regulate activity (Starkus et al., 2010). Present in the plasma membrane and lysosomes; plays a role in ROS-induced inflammatory processes and cell death. | Animals | LTRPC2 of Homo sapiens |
| 1.A.4.5.7 | Cold-sensitive (<22°C) and menthol-sensitive cation-selective channel, TRPM8. TRPM8 is activated by low temperatures and cooling agents such as menthol. It underlies the cold-induced excitation of sensory neurons. Its gating is regulated by voltage and lysophospholipids which induce prolonged channel opening (Vanden Abeele et al., 2006; Bautista et al., 2007; Matta and Ahern, 2007). Can be converted to an anion selective channel by introducing a lysyl residue in TMS 6 (Kuhn et al., 2007). | Animals | TPM8 of Homo sapiens |
| 1.A.4.5.8 | The intestinal/renal Mg2+ absorption Mg2+ influx channel, Melastatin6 or TRPM6 (5x higher affinity for Mg2+ than Ca2+; regulated by internal Mg2+) (Voets et al., 2004). TRPM6 and its closest homologue TRPM7 (also a Mg2+-permeable cation channel) assemble to form a functional heterooligomeric channel (Chubanov et al., 2004) (mutations in TRPM6 promotes hypomagnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia) (Chubanov et al., 2007). TRPM6 and the closely related TRPM7 are large channel-kinase proteins (Li et al., 2007; Schmitz et al., 2007). TRPM7 also transports protons competitively with Mg2+ and Ca2+ (Numata and Okada, 2008). Intracellular ATP regulates TRPM6 channel activity via its α-kinase domain independently of α-kinase activity (Thébault et al., 2008). | Animals | TRPM6 of Homo sapiens (NP_060132) TRPM7 of Homo sapiens (TC #1.A.4.5.1) |
| 1.A.4.6.1 | Cold-activated cation channel in nociceptive sensory neurons, ANKTM1, with lower activation temperature (in the noxious cold range) than TRPM8 (TC #1.A.4.5.7) (Story et al., 2003). Also called TRPA1 (Acc #AAS78661) which translates sound into electric signals in the ear. It sits at the tips of cilia in the inner ear and allows passage of K+ and Ca2+ into the cell. Vibrations in the hair cause the channel to open and close. The frequency of the sound waves generate an electrical signal of the same frequency (Jordt et al., 2004). (Shows 25% identity with α-latrotoxin precursor (TC #1.C.6.3.1.1) in its N-terminal half.) | Animals | ANKTM1 of Mus musculus (Q8BLA8) |
| 1.A.4.6.2 | Warm-activated thermosensory cation channel of insects, ANKTM1 (Viswanath et al., 2003) | Animals | ANKTM1 of Drosophila melanogaster (1197 aas; Q7Z020) |
| 1.A.4.6.3 | The nociceptive neuron TRPA1 that senses peripheral damage by transmitting pain signals (activated by cold temperatures, pungent compounds and environmental irritants). Noxious compounds also activate through covalent modification of cysteyl residues (Macpherson et al., 2007). TRPA1 is an excitatory, nonselective cation channel implicated in somatosensory function, pain, and neurogenic inflammation. Through covalent modification of cysteine and lysine residues, TRPA1 can be activated by electrophilic compounds, including active ingredients of pungent natural products (e.g., allyl isothiocyanate), environmental irritants (e.g., acrolein), and endogenous ligands (4-hydroxynonenal) (Chen et al., 2008). General anesthetics activate TRPA1 nociceptive ion channels to enhance pain and inflammation (Matta et al., 2008). TMS5 is a critical molecular determinant of menthol sensitivity (Xiao et al., 2008). | Animals | TRPA1 of Homo sapiens (O75762) |
| 1.A.4.6.4 | The Pyrexia (Pyx) thermal TRP channel allowing increased tolerance to high temperature (Lee et al., 2005) | Animals | Pyx of Drosophila melanogaster (Q9W0T5) |
| 1.A.4.7.1 | The mechanically gated hearing and balance ion channel in sensory hair cells of the vertebrate inner ear, NompC (Sidi et al., 2003) | Animals | NompC of Danio rerio (zebrafish) (1614 aas; Q7T1G6) |
| 1.A.4.7.2 | The sensory ion channel in tactile bristles of insects, NompC | Animals | NompC of Drosophila melanogaster (1619 aas; AAF59842) |
| 1.A.4.8.1 | The Nanchung (Nan) hearing ion channel; mediates hypo-osmotically activated Ca2+ influx in chordotonal neurons of insects (Kim et al., 2003) (most similar to 1.A.4.3.1, but both are most closely related to 1.A.4.2). | Animals | Nan of Drosophila melanogaster (833 aas; Q9VUD5) |
