| TCID | Name | Organismal Type | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3.A.1.1: The Carbohydrate Uptake Transporter-1 (CUT1) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.1.1 | Maltooligosaccharide porter. The 3-D structure has been reported by Oldham et al. (2007). | Proteobacteria | MalEFGK of E. coli MalE (receptor [R]) MalF (membrane [M]) MalG (membrane [M]) MalK (cytoplasmic [C]) |
| 3.A.1.1.2 | The putative arabinogalactan oligomer porter, Gan OPQ (MalEFG) (MalK component not known) | Bacteria | GanOPG of Bacillus subtilis YufK or GanO (R) (O07009) YufL or GanP (M) (O32261) YufM or GanQ (M) (O07011) |
| 3.A.1.1.3 | Glycerol-phosphate porter. Transports both glycerol-3-P and glycerol-2-P (Yang et al. 2009). | Proteobacteria | UgpABCE of E. coli UgpB (R) UgpA (M) UgpE (M) UgpC (C) |
| 3.A.1.1.4 | Lactose porter | Proteobacteria | LacEFGK of Agrobacterium radiobacter LacE (R) LacF (M) LacG (M) LacK (C) |
| 3.A.1.1.5 | Hexitol (glucitol; mannitol) porter | Proteobacteria | SmoEFGK of Rhodobacter sphaeroides SmoE (R) SmoF (M) SmoG (M) SmoK (C) |
| 3.A.1.1.6 | Cyclodextrin porter | Proteobacteria | CymDEFG of Klebsiella oxytoca CymE (R) CymF (M) CymG (M) CymD (C) |
| 3.A.1.1.7 | Maltose/trehalose porter | Euryarchaeota | MalEFGK of Thermococcus litoralis MalE (R) MalF (M) MalG (M) MalK (C) (not sequenced) |
| 3.A.1.1.8 | Sucrose/maltose/trehalose porter (sucrose-inducible) | Proteobacteria | AglEFGK of Sinorhizobium meliloti AglE (R) AglF (M) AglG (M) AglK (C) |
| 3.A.1.1.9 | The oligosaccharide (glucuronate-linked to a xylo-oligosaccharide) ABC uptake porter, GuoEFGK in AguEFGK. GuoE binds with high affinity a four sugar aldotetrouronic | Bacteria | GuoEFGK of Geobacillus stearothermophilus AguE or GuoE (R) (C9RT46) AguF or GuoF (M) (Q09LY7) AguG or GuoG (M) (Q09LY6) AguK or GuoK (C) (not identified) |
| 3.A.1.1.10 | Alginate (MW 27,000 Da) (and Alginate oligosaccharides) uptake porter. Sphingomonas species A1 is a 'pit-forming' bacterium that directly incorporates alginate into its cytoplasm through a pit-dependent transport system, termed a 'superchannel' (Murata et al., 2008). The pit is a novel organ acquired through the fluidity and reconstitution of cell surface molecules, and through cooperation with the transport machinery in the cells. It confers upon bacterial cells a more efficient way to secure and assimilate macromolecules (Murata et al., 2008). | Proteobacteria | AlgSM1M2Q1Q2 of Sphingomonas sp.A1 AlgS (C) AlgM1 (M) AlgM2 (M) AlgQ1 (R) AlgQ2 (R) |
| 3.A.1.1.11 | Saturated and unsaturated oligogalacturonide transporter, TogMNAB (transports di- to tetrasaccharide pectin degradation products which consist of D-galacuronate, sometimes with 4-deoxy-L-threo-5-hexosulose uronate at the reducing end of the oligosaccharide) | Proteobacteria | Oligogalacturonide transporter TogMNAB of Erwinia chrysanthemi TogM (M) TogN (M) TogA (C) TogB (R) |
| 3.A.1.1.12 | Palatinose (isomaltulose; 6-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-fructose) uptake porter | Proteobacteria | PalEFGK of Erwinia rhapontici PalE (R) PalF (M) PalG (M) PalK (C) |
| 3.A.1.1.13 | Glucose, mannose, galactose porter | Crenarchaeota | GlcSTUV of Sulfolobus solfataricus GlcS (R) GlcT (M) GlcU (M) GlcV (C) |
| 3.A.1.1.14 | Arabinose, fructose, xylose porter | Crenarchaeota | AraSTUV of Sulfolobus solfataricus AraS (R) AraT (M) AraU (M) AraV (C) |
| 3.A.1.1.15 | Trehalose porter | Crenarchaeota | TreSTUV of Sulfolobus solfataricus TreS (R) TreT (M) TreU (M) TreV (C) |
| 3.A.1.1.16 | Maltooligosaccharide porter (Maltose is not a substrate, but maltotriose is.) | Euryarchaeota | PF1933, 1936, 1937, 1938 of Pyrococcus furiosus PF1938 (R) PF1937 (M) PF1936 (M) PF1933 (C) |
| 3.A.1.1.17 | Trehalose/maltose/sucrose porter (trehalose inducible) | Proteobacteria | ThuEFGK of Sinorhizobium meliloti ThuE (R) ThuF (M) ThuG (M) ThuK (C) |
| 3.A.1.1.18 | N-Acetylglucosamine/N,N'-diacetyl chitobiose porter (NgcK (C) not identified) | Actinobacteria | NgcEFG of Streptomyces olivaceoviridis NgcE (R) NgcF (M) NgcG (M) |
| 3.A.1.1.19 | Platinose (isomaltulose) (6-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-fructofuranose) porter | Proteobacteria | PalEFGK of Agrobacterium tumefaciens PalE (R) PalF (M) PalG (M) PalK (C) |
| 3.A.1.1.20 | The fructooligosaccharide porter, MsmEFGK (Barrangou et al., 2003) | Bacteria | MsmEFGK of Lactobacillus acidophilus MsmE (R) AAO21856 MsmF (M) AAO21857 MsmG (M) AAO21858 MsmK (C) AAO21860 |
| 3.A.1.1.21 | The xylobiose porter; BxlEFG(K) (Tsujibo et al., 2004) | Bacteria | BxlEFGK of Streptomyces thermoviolaceus BxlE (R) CAB88161 BxlF (M) CAB88162 BxlG (M) CAB88163 BxlK (C) Unknown |
| 3.A.1.1.22 | The maltose, maltotriose, mannotetraose (MalE1)/maltose, maltotriose, trehalose (MalE2) porter (Nanavati et al., 2005). For MalG1 (823aas) and MalG2 (833aas), the C-terminal transmembrane domain with 6 putative TMSs is preceded by a single N-terminal TMS and a large (600 residue) hydrophilic region showing sequence similarity to MLP1 and 2 (9.A.14; e-12 & e-7) as well as other proteins. | Thermotogae | MalE1E2FGK of Thermotoga maritima MalE1 (R) (binds maltose, maltotriose and mannotetraose) (AAD36279) MalE2 (R) (binds maltose, maltotriose and trehalose) (AAD36901) MalF1 (M) (AAD36278) MalG1 (M) (AAD36277) [MalG2 (M) (AAD36899] MalK (C) (AAD36351) |
| 3.A.1.1.23 | The cellobiose/cellotriose (and possibly higher cellooligonucleosides), CebEFGMsiK [MsiK functions to energize several ABC transporters including those for maltose/maltotriose and trehalose] (Schlösser et al., 1997, Schlösser et al., 1999) | Bacteria | CebEFGMsiK of Streptomyces reticuli CebE (R) (CAB46342) CebF (M) (CAB46343) CebG (M) (CAB46344) MsiK (CAA70125) |
| 3.A.1.1.24 | The glucose/mannose porter TTC0326-8 plus MalK1 (ABC protein, shared with 3.A.1.1.25) (Chevance et al., 2006). | Bacteria | TTC0326-8 MalK1 of Thermus thermophilus TTC0326 (M) - Q72KX4 TTC0327 (M) - Q72KX3 TTC0328 (R) - Q72KX2 MalK1 or TTC0211 (C) - Q72L52 |
| 3.A.1.1.25 | The trehalose/maltose/sucrose/palatinose porter (TTC1627-9) plus MalK1 (ABC protein, shared with 3.A.1.1.24) (Chevance et al., 2006). | Bacteria | TTC1627-9 + MalK1 of Thermus thermophilus TTC1627 (R) (Q72H68) TTC1628 (M) (Q72H67) TTC1629 (M) (Q72H66) MalK1 (TTC0211) (C) (Q72L52) |
| 3.A.1.1.26 | The maltose porter, MdxEFG and MsmX | Bacteria | The maltose porter of Bacillus subtilis, MalEFG/MsmX. MalE (R) - O06989 MalF (M) - O06990 MalG (M) - O06991 MsmX (C) - P94360 |
| 3.A.1.1.27 | Maltose/Maltotriose/maltodextrin (up to 7 glucose units) transporters MalXFGK (MsmK (3.A.1.1.28) can probably substitute for MalK; Webb et al., 2008). | Bacteria | MalXFGK of Streptococcus mutans: MalX (R) (Q8DT28) MalF (M) (Q8DT27) MalG (M) (Q8DT26) MalK (C) (Q8DT25) |
| 3.A.1.1.28 | The raffinose/stachyose transporter, MsmEFGK (MalK (3.A.1.1.27) can probably substitute for MsmK; Webb et al., 2008). | Bacteria | MsmEFGK of Streptococcus mutans: MsmE (R) (Q00749) MsmF (M) (Q00750) MsmG (M) (Q00751) MsmK (C) (Q00752) |
| 3.A.1.1.29 | Aldouronate transporter, LplA,B,C (Chow et al., 2007) | Bacteria | LplABC of Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2: LplA (R)(A9QDR6) LplB (M)(A9QDR7) YtcP (M)(A9QDR8) LplC - not identified |
| 3.A.1.1.30 | Glucose porter, GtsABCD (Del Castillo et al., 2008) | Bacteria | The glucose porter of Pseudomonas putida, GtsABCD: GtsA (R) (Q88P38) GtsB (M) (Q88P37) GtsC (M) (Q88P36) GtsD (C) (Q88P35) |
| 3.A.1.1.31 | Glucose uptake porter, GlcABCD (Basa et al., 2007) | Proteobacteria | GlcABCD of Pseudomonas putida (most like 3.A.1.1.24) GlcE (R) (Q88P38) GlcF (M) (Q88P37) GlcG (M) (Q88P36) GlcK (C) (Q88P35) |
| 3.A.1.1.32 | The glucosylglycerol uptake transporter (functions in osmoprotection and also transports sucrose and trehalose (Mikkat and Hagemann, 2000) (most similar to 3.A.1.1.8). | Bacteria | GgtABCD of Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 GgtA (C) (Q55035) GgtB (R) (Q55471) GtC (M) (Q55472) GgTD (M) (Q55473) |
| 3.A.1.1.33 | The N,N'-diacetylchitobiose uptake transporter, DasABC/MsiK (MsiK energizes several ABC transporters (see 3.A.1.1.23)) (Saito et al., 2008) | Bacteria | DasABC MsiK of Streptomyces coelicolor DasA (R) (Q8KN19) DasB (M) (Q8KN18) DasC (M) (Q8KN17) MsiK (C) (Q9L0Q1) |
| 3.A.1.2: The Carbohydrate Uptake Transporter-2 (CUT2) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.2.1 | Ribose porter (RbsC has 10 TMSs with N- and C-termini in the cytoplasm (Stewart and Hermodson, 2003)) | Proteobacteria | RbsABCD of E. coli RbsA (C) RbsB (R) RbsC (M) |
| 3.A.1.2.2 | Arabinose porter | Proteobacteria | AraFGH of E. coli AraF (R) AraG (C) AraH (M) |
| 3.A.1.2.3 | Galactose/glucose (methyl galactoside) porter | Proteobacteria | MglABC of E. coli MglA (C) MglB (R) MglC (M) |
| 3.A.1.2.4 | Xylose porter | Proteobacteria | XylFGH of E. coli XylF (R) XylG (C) XylH (M) |
| 3.A.1.2.5 | Multiple sugar (arabinose, xylose, galactose, glucose, fucose) putative porter | Proteobacteria | ChvE, GguAB of Agrobacterium tumefaciens ChvE (R) GguA (C) GguB (M) |
| 3.A.1.2.6 | D-allose porter | Proteobacteria | AlsABC of E. coli AlsB (R) AlsA (C) AlsC (M) |
| 3.A.1.2.7 | Fructose/mannose/ribose porter | Proteobacteria | FrcABC of Sinorhizobium meliloti FrcA (C) FrcB (R) FrcC (M) |
| 3.A.1.2.8 | AI2 autoinducer porter (Taga et al., 2001, 2003) | Proteobacteria | LsrACDB of E. coli LsrB (R) AAC74589 LsrA (C) AAC74586 LsrC (M) AAC74587 LsrD (M) AAC74588 |
| 3.A.1.2.9 | Rhamnose porter (Richardson et al., 2004) (Transport activity is dependent on rhamnokinase (RhaK; AAQ92412) activity (Richardson and Oresnik, 2007) This could be an example of group translocation!) | Proteobacteria | RhaSTP of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii RhaS (R) AAQ92407 RhaT (C) AAQ92408 RhaP (M) AAQ92409 |
| 3.A.1.2.10 | The purine nucleoside permease (probably transports guanosine, adenosine, 2'-deoxyguanosine, inosine and xanthosine with decreasing affinity in this order) (Deka et al., 2006) | Spirochaetes | PnrA-E of Treponema pallidum PnrA (R) (TmpC; Tp0319) (P29724) PnrB (?51 aas; 1 TMS; Tp0320) (O83340) PnrC (C) (533 aas; duplicated; Tp0321) (NP_218761) PnrD (M) (400 aas; 10 TMSs; Tp0322) (NP_218762) PnrE (M) (316 aas; 10 TMSs; Tp0323) (NP_218763) |
| 3.A.1.2.11 | The erythritol permease, EryEFG (Yost et al., 2006) | Bacteria | EryEFG of Sinorhizobium meliloti EryE (C) (CAC48737) EryF (M) (CAC48738) EryG (R) (CAC48735) |
| 3.A.1.2.12 | The (deoxy)ribonucleoside permease; probably takes up all deoxy- and ribonucleosides (cytidine, uridine, adenosine and toxic analogues, fluorocytidine and fluorouridine tested), but not ribose or nucleobases (Webb and Hosie, 2006) | Bacteria | RnsABCD of Streptococcus mutans RnsA (R) (AAN58814) RnsB (C) (AAN58813) RnsC (M) (AAN58812) RnsD (M) (AAN58811) |
| 3.A.1.2.13 | The probable autoinducer 2 (AI2) uptake porter (Shao et al., 2007) (50-70% identical to RbsABC of E. coli; TC# 3.A.1.2.1) | Bacteria | RbsDABC of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Actinobacillus succinogens) RbsA(C) (A6VKS8) RbsB(R) (A6VKT0) RbsC(M) (A6VKS9) |
| 3.A.1.2.14 | Putative L-arabinose porter | Proteobacteria | AraTUVW of Shewanella oneidensis AraT (R) (Q0HIQ8) AraU (C-C) (Q0HIQ7) AraV (M; 10 TMSs) (Q0HIQ6) AraW (M; 9 TMSs) (Q0HIQ5) |
| 3.A.1.2.15 | The putative xylitol uptake porter, XltABC | Proteobacteria | XltABC of Shewanella pealeana XltA (C) (A8H4W7) XltB (M; 9 TMSs) (A8H4W6) XltC (R) (A8H4W5) |
| 3.A.1.3: The Polar Amino Acid Uptake Transporter (PAAT) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.3.1 | Histidine; arginine/lysine/ornithine porter | Proteobacteria | HisJ (histidine receptor)-ArgT (arg/lys/orn receptor)-HisMPQ of Salmonella typhimurium HisJ (R) ArgT (R) HisM (M) HisQ (M) HisP (C) |
| 3.A.1.3.2 | Glutamine porter | Proteobacteria | GlnHPQ of E. coli GlnH (R) GlnP (M) GlnQ (C) |
| 3.A.1.3.3 | Arginine porter | Proteobacteria | ArtI (arginine receptor #1)/ArtJ (arginine receptor #2)-ArtMQP of E. coli ArtP (C) ArtQ (M) ArtM (M) ArtJ (R) ArtI (R) |
| 3.A.1.3.4 | Glutamate/aspartate porter | Proteobacteria | GltIJKL of E. coli GltI (R) GltJ (M) GltK (M) GltL (C) |
| 3.A.1.3.5 | Octopine porter | Proteobacteria | OccQMPT of Agrobacterium tumefaciens OccT (R) OccQ (M) OccM (M) OccP (C) |
| 3.A.1.3.6 | Nopaline porter | Proteobacteria | NocQMPT of Agrobacterium tumefaciens NocT (R) NocQ (M) NocM (M) NocP (C) |
| 3.A.1.3.7 | Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | Proteobacteria | BztABCD of Rhodobacter capsulatus BztA (R) BztB (M) BztC (M) BztD (CC) |
| 3.A.1.3.8 | General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) | Proteobacteria | AapJQMP of Rhizobium leguminosarum AapJ (R) AapQ (M) AapM (M) AapP (C) |
| 3.A.1.3.9 | Glutamate porter | Actinobacteria | GluABCD of Corynebacterium glutamicum GluA (C) GluB (R) GluC (M) GluD (M) |
| 3.A.1.3.10 | Cystine/diaminopimelate | Proteobacteria | Cys/Dap porter of E. coli CysX (R) CysY (M) CysZ (C) |
| 3.A.1.3.11 | Arginine/ornithine (but not lysine) porter | Proteobacteria | AotJQMP of Pseudomonas aeruginosa AotJ (R) AotQ (M) AotM (M) AotP (C) |
| 3.A.1.3.12 | Arginine/lysine/histidine/glutamine porter | Cyanobacteria | BgtAB of Synechocystis PCC6803 BgtA (C) BgtB (R-M) |
| 3.A.1.3.13 | Uptake system for L-cystine (Km=2.5 μM), L-cystathionine, L-djenkolate, and S-methyl-L-cysteine (Burguière et al., 2004, Burguière et al., 2005) | Firmicutes | TcyJKLMN (YtmJKLMN) of Bacillus subtilis TcyJ (R) (NP_390816) TcyK (R) (O34852) TcyL (M) (O34315) TcyM (M) (O34931) TcyN (C) (O34900) |
| 3.A.1.3.14 | Uptake system for L-cystine (Burguière et al., 2004) | Firmicutes | TcyABC (YckKJI) of Bacillus subtilis TcyA (R) (P42199) TcyB (M) (P42200) TcyC (C) (P39456) |
| 3.A.1.3.15 | Putative uptake system for arginine, YqiXYZ (Sekowska et al., 2001) | Bacteria | YqiXYZ of Bacillus subtilis YqiX (R) (P54535) YqiY (M) (P54536) YqiZ (C) (P54537) |
| 3.A.1.3.16 | Uptake system for glutamate and aspartate (Leon-Kempis et al., 2006) | Proteobacteria | PEB1 transport system Campylobacter jejuni PEB1a (R) (Q0P9X8) PED1b (M) (A1VZQ3) PEB1c (C) (A3ZI83) |
| 3.A.1.3.17 | Basic amino acid uptake transporter, BgtAB (BgtA is shared with NatFGH/BgtA; 3.A.1.3.18; Pernil et al., 2008) | Cyanobacteria | BgtAB of Anabaena sp. PCC7120 BgtA (C) (Q8YPM6) BgtB (R-M) (Q8YSA2) |
| 3.A.1.3.18 | Acidic and neutral amino acid uptake transporter NatFGH/BgtA. BgtA is shared with BgtAB (3.A.1.3.17; Pernil et al., 2008) | Cyanobacteria | NatFGH-BgtA of Anabaena sp. PCC7120 BgtA (C) (Q8YPM6) NatF (R) (Q8YPM9) NatG (M) (Q8YPM8) NatH (M) (Q8YPM7) |
| 3.A.1.3.19 | Acidic amino acid uptake porter, AatJMQP (Singh and Röhm, 2008) | Bacteria | AatJMQP of Pseudomonas putida AatJ (R) Q88NY2 AatM (M) Q88NY3 AatQ (M) Q88NY4 AatP (C) Q88NY5 |
| 3.A.1.3.20 | The ectoine/hydroxyectoine uptake porter, EhuABCD (Crystal structure of EhuB has been determined; Hanekop et al., 2007) | Bacteria | EhuABCD of Sinorhizobium meliloti EhuA (C) Q92WC9 EhuB (R) Q92WC8 EhuC (M) Q92WC7 EhuD (M) Q92WC6 |
| 3.A.1.3.21 | The putative lysine uptake system, LysXY | Bacteria | LysXY of Streptococcus pyogenes LysX (R-M) (Q9A1H0) LysY (C) (Q9A1H1) |
| 3.A.1.4: The Hydrophobic Amino Acid Uptake Transporter (HAAT) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.4.1 | Leucine; leucine/isoleucine/valine porter (also transports phenylalanine and tyrosine; Koyanagi et al., 2004) | Proteobacteria | LivK (leucine-specific receptor)-LivJ (Leu/Ile/Val receptor)-LivHMGF of E. coli LivJ (R) LivK (R) LivH (M) LivM (M) LivG (C) LivF (C) |
| 3.A.1.4.2 | Leucine/proline/alanine/serine/glycine (and possibly histidine) porter | Cyanobacteria | NatA-E neutral amino acid porter of Synechocystis sp.PCC6803 NatA (C) NatB (R) NatC (M) NatD (M) NatE (C) |
| 3.A.1.4.3 | General L- (and D-)amino acid uptake porter (transports acidic, basic, polar, semipolar and hydrophobic amino acids). The amino and carboxyl groups do not need to be α since γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a substrate. The system may function with additional binding proteins since L-alanine uptake is not dependent on BraC. | Proteobacteria | BraCDEF of Rhizobium leguminosarum BraC (R) BraD (M) BraE (M) BraF (C) |
| 3.A.1.4.4 | The high-affinity (<1 μM) urea porter | Cyanobacteria | UrtA-E urea porter of Anabaena sp. PCC7120 UrtA (R) UrtB (M) UrtC (M) UrtD (C) UrtE (C) |
| 3.A.1.4.5 | The high affinity urea/thiourea/hydroxyurea porter (Beckers et al., 2004) | Actinobacteria | UrtA-E of Corynebacterium glutamicum UrtA (R) CAF19637 UrtB (M) CAF19636 UrtC (M) CAF19638 UrtD (C) CAF19639 UrtE (C) CAF19640 |
| 3.A.1.4.6 | The neutral amino acid permease, N-1 (transports pro, phe, leu, gly, ala, ser, gln and his, but gln and his are not transported via NatB) (Picossi et al., 2005) | Cyanobacteria | NatA-E of Anabaena sp. strain PCC7120 NatA (C) BAB73003 NatB (R) BAB73533 NatC (M) BAB73004 NatD (M) BAB73241 NatE (C) BAB74611 |
| 3.A.1.5: The Peptide/Opine/Nickel Uptake Transporter (PepT) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.5.1 | Oligopeptide porter (also takes up amino glycoside antibiotics such as kanamycin, streptomycin and neomycin as well as cell wall-derived peptides such as murein tripeptide). It transports substrate peptides of 2-5 amino acids with highest affinity for tripeptides. Also transports δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). [May be regulated by PTS Enzyme INtr-aspartokinase.] ATP-binding to OppDF may result in donation of peptide to OppBC and simultaneous release of OppA (Doeven et al., 2008). | Proteobacteria | OppABCDF of Salmonella typhimurium OppA (R) OppB (M) OppC (M) OppD (C) OppF (C) MppA (R) (in E. coli) |
| 3.A.1.5.2 | Dipeptide porter. Also transports δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and heme (Létoffé et al., 2008). | Firmicutes | DppABCDE of Bacillus subtilis DppA (C) DppB (M) DppC (M) DppD (C) DppE (R) |
| 3.A.1.5.3 | Nickel porter | Proteobacteria | NikABCDE of E. coli NikA (R) NikB (M) NikC (M) NikD (C) NikE (C) |
| 3.A.1.5.4 | Agrocinopine (an opine)/Agrocin 84 (an antibiotic) porter (Kim and Farrand, 1997) | Proteobacteria | AccABCDE of Agrobacterium tumefaciens AccA (R) AccB (C) AccC (C) AccD (M) AccE (M) |
| 3.A.1.5.5 | Probable cationic peptide porter (may also take up peptide antibiotics and protamine; implicated in K+ homeostasis) [SapD can stimulate the K+ uptake activities of TrkH and TrkG (TC #2.A.38.1.1) in the presence of ATP] (Mason et al., 2006) | Bacteria | SapABCDF of Salmonella typhimurium SapA (R) SapB (M) SapC (M) SapD (C) SapF (C) |
| 3.A.1.5.6 | The β-glucoside (cellobiose (β-1,4), cellotriose, cellotetraose, cellopentaose, laminaribiose (β-1,3), laminaritriose, sophorose) uptake porter, CbtABCDF | Archaea | The β-glucoside uptake porter of Pyrococcus furiosus, CbtABCDF CbtA (R) CbtB (M) CbtC (M) CbtD (C) CbtF (C) |
| 3.A.1.5.7 | The α-galactoside (melibiose, raffinose) uptake porter, AgpABCDF | Bacteria | The α-galactoside uptake porter of Rhizobium meliloti AgpA (R) AgpB (M) (not identified) AgpC (M) (not identified) AgpD (C) (not identified) AgpF (C) (not identified) |
| 3.A.1.5.8 | Maltose and maltooligosaccharide porter | Archaea | MalEFGK of Sulfolobus solfataricus MalE (R) MalF (M) MalG (M) MalK (C-C) |
| 3.A.1.5.9 | Cellobiose and cellooligosaccharide porter | Archaea | CbtABCDF of Sulfolobus solfataricus CbtA (R) CbtB (M) CbtC (M) CbtD (C) CbtF (C) |
| 3.A.1.5.10 | Oligopeptide porter (transports peptides of 4-35) amino acyl residues; di- and tripeptides are not transported; hydrophobic basic peptides are preferred). OppA determines the specificity of the system (Doeven et al., 2004). A large cavity in OppA binds proline-rich peptides preferentially (Berntsson et al., 2009). | Bacteria | OppABCDF of Lactococcus lactis OppA (R) (Q9CEK0) OppB (M) (P0A4N7) OppC (M) (P0A4N9) OppD (C) (Q07733) OppF (C) (P0A2V4) |
| 3.A.1.5.11 | Glutathione porter (Suzuki et al., 2005) | Bacteria | YliABCD of E. coli YliA (C-C) (P75796) YliB (R) (P75797) YliC (M) (P75798) YliD (M) (P75799) |
| 3.A.1.5.12 | Probable rhamnose porter (Conners et al., 2005) | Bacteria | RtpABCDF of Thermotoga maritima RtpA (R) (TM1067) RtpB (M) (TM1066) RtpC (M) (TM1065) RtpD (C) (TM1064) Q9X0F4 RtpF (C) (TM1063) Q9X0F3 |
| 3.A.1.5.13 | Probable xylose/xyloside porter (Conners et al., 2005) | Bacteria | XylABCDF of Thermotoga maritima XylA (R) (TM0071) Q9WXS6 XylB (M) (TM0072) Q9WXS7 XylC (M) (TM0073) Q9WXS8 XylD (C) (TM0074) Q9WXS9 XylF (C) (TM0075) Q9WXT5 |
| 3.A.1.5.14 | Probable cellobiose porter (Conners et al., 2005) | Bacteria | CbtABCDF of Thermotoga maritima CbtA (R) (TM1223) Q9X0V0 CbtB (M) (TM1222) Q9X0U9 CbtC (M) (TM1221) Q9X0U8 CbtD (C) (TM1220) Q9X0U7 CbtF (C) (TM1219) Q9X0U6 |
| 3.A.1.5.15 | Probable mannose/mannoside porter (Conners et al., 2005) | Bacteria | MbtABCDF of Thermotoga maritima MbtA (R) (TM1746) Q9X268 MbtB (M) (TM1747) Q9X269 MbtC (M) (TM1748) Q9X270 MbtD (C) (TM1749) Q9X271 MbtF (C) (TM1750) Q9X272 |
| 3.A.1.5.16 | Probable β-glucoside porter (Conners et al., 2005) | Thermotogae | BglpABCDF of Thermotoga maritima BglpA (R) (TM0031) Q9WXN8 BglpB (M) (TM0030) Q9WXN7 BglpC (M) (TM0029) Q9WXN6 BglpD (C) (TM0028) Q9WXN5 BglpF (C) (TM0027) Q9WXN4 |
| 3.A.1.5.17 | The proline betaine uptake porter (Alloing et al., 2006) | Proteobacteria | PrbABCD of Sinorhizobium meliloti PrbA (R) (Q92NF1) PrbB (M) (Q92NF0) PrbC (M) (Q92NE9) PrbD (C-C) (Q92NE8) |
| 3.A.1.5.18 | The oligopeptide transporter OppA1-5, B1, C1, DF (functions with five binding proteins of differing induction properties and peptide specificities; OppA1-3 are chromosomally encoded; OppA4 and 5 are plasmid encoded.) (Medrano et al., 2007) | Bacteria | OppA1-5,B1,C1,D,F of Borrelia burgdorferi OppA1 (R): O51307 OppA2 (R): O54584 OppA3 (R): O51308 OppA4 (R): O31315 OppA5 (R): O50927 OppB1 (M): O31307 OppC1 (M): O51310 OppD (C): O31309 OppF (C): O31310 |
| 3.A.1.5.19 | The major oligopeptide uptake porter, Opp-3 (of four paralogues, this is the only one that mediates nitrogen nutrition (Hiron et al., 2007). | Bacteria | Opp-3 of Staphylococcus aureus OppB (M) = (Q2FZR7) OppC (M) = (Q2FZR6) OppD (C) = (Q2FZR5) OppF (C) = (Q2FZR4) OppA (R) = (Q2FZR3) |
| 3.A.1.5.20 | 5-6 amino acyl oligopeptide transporter AppA-F (Koide and Hoch, 1994). | Bacteria | AppABCDF of Bacillus subtilis AppA(R) (P42061) AppB(M) (P42062) AppC(M) (P42063) AppD(C) (P42064) AppF(C) (P42065) |
| 3.A.1.5.21 | The Microcin C uptake porter, YejABEF (other substrate unknown) (Novikova et al., 2007) | Bacteria | YejABEF of E. coli: YejA (R) (P33913) YejB (M) (P0AFU1) YejE (M) (P33915) YejF (C-C) (P33916) |
| 3.A.1.5.22 | The peptide transporter OppA,B,C,D,F (influences biofilm formation; Lee et al., 2004). Similar to 3.A.1.5.1, OppA is similar to the Vibrio furnissii OppA that provides several functions: hemolysis, antibiotic resistance, and virulence (Wu et al., 2007). | Bacteria | OppABCDF of Vibrio fluvialis: OppA (R) (Q5V9S2) OppB (M) (Q5V9S1) OppC (M) (Q5V9S0) OppD (C) (Q5V9R9) OppF (C) (Q5V9R8) |
| 3.A.1.5.23 | The Ethylene diamine tetraacetate (EDTA) uptake porter, EppABCD (Zhang et al., 2007). | Bacteria | EppABCD of EDTA-degrading bacterium BNC1: EppA (R) (Q9F9T7) EppB (M) (Q9F9T6) EppC (M) (Q9F9T5) EppD (C-C) (Q9F9T4) |
| 3.A.1.5.24 | The antimicrobial peptide (protamine, melittin, polymyxin B, human defensin (HBD)-1 and HBD-2 exporter, YejABEF (Eswarappa et al., 2008). Prefers N-formyl methionine peptides, such as Microcin C (of prokaryotic origin) to non formylated peptides (of eukaryotic origin) (Novikova et al., 2007). | Proteobacteria | YejABEF of Salmonella enterica YejA (R) (Q8ZNK0) YejB (M) (Q7CQ74) YejE (M) (Q8ZNJ9) YejF (C-C) (Q8ZNJ8) |
| 3.A.1.5.25 | The ABC peptide/signalling peptide transporter, OptA (binds peptides of 3-6 aas)/OptS (binds dipeptides) Opt B,C,D (most similar to 3.A.1.5.19) | Gram-positive bacteria | The Opt ASBCDF transport system of Lactococcus lactis OptS (R) (Q64K09) OptA (R) (Q9CIL2) OptB (M) (Q9CILI) OptC (M) (Q9CIL0) OptD (C) (Q9CIK9) OptF (C) (Q9CIK8) |
| 3.A.1.6: The Sulfate/Tungstate Uptake Transporter (SulT) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.6.1 | Sulfate/thiosulfate porter | Proteobacteria | Sbp (sulfate receptor)-CysP (thiosulfate receptor)-CysTWA of E. coli Sbp (R) CysP (R) CysT (M) CysW (M) CysA (C) |
| 3.A.1.6.2 | Tungstate porter. (TupA, the receptor, exhibits an extremely high affinity for tungstate (Kd <1 nM) and discriminates between tungstate and molybdate (Andreesen and Makdessi, 2007)) | Firmicutes | TupABC of Eubacterium acidaminophilum TupA (R) TupB (M) TupC (C) |
| 3.A.1.6.3 | Sulfate porter | Actinobacteria | CysAWT SubI-sulfate porter of Mycobacterium tuberculosis CysA (C) CysW (M) CysT (M) SubI (R) |
| 3.A.1.6.4 | Vanadate porter (Pratte and Thiel, 2006) (most similar to TupABC (3.A.1.6.2)) | Cyanobacteria | VupABC of Anabaena variabilis ATCC29413 VupA (R) (ABA23645) VupB (M) (ABA23644) VupC (C) (ABA23643) |
| 3.A.1.6.5 | Tungsten (KM=20pM)/molybdate (KM=10nM) porter (Bevers et al., 2006) | Euryarchaeota | WtpABC of Pyrococcus furiosus WtpA (R) (Q8U4K5) WtpB (M) (Q8U4K4) WtpC (C) (Q8U4K3) |
| 3.A.1.6.6 | The Molybdate/Tungstate Transporter, ModA-C (Zhang and Gladyshev, 2008). | Archaeon | ModABC of Pyrobaculum calidifontis ModA (R) (A3MW02) ModB (M) (A3MW01) ModC (C) (A3MW00) |
| 3.A.1.6.7 | The chloroplast sulfate transporter, SulP/SulP2/Sabc/Sbp | Algae | Chloroplast sulfate uptake permease of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii SulP (M) (Q8RVC7) SulP2 (M) (Q6QJE2) Sabc (C) (Q6QJE1) Sbp (R) (Q6QJE0) |
| 3.A.1.7: The Phosphate Uptake Transporter (PhoT) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.7.1 | Phosphate porter | Proteobacteria | PhoS (phosphate receptor)-PstABC of E. coli PhoS (R) PstA (M) PstC (M) PstB (C) |
| 3.A.1.7.2 | Phosphate transporter, PstSCAB (Gebhard and Cook, 2007). | Actinobacteria | PstSCAB of Mycobacterium smegmatis PstS (R) (Q7WTY8) PstC (M) (Q7WTY7) PstA (M) (Q7WTY6) PstB (C) (P0C560) |
| 3.A.1.8: The Molybdate Uptake Transporter (MolT) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.8.1 | Molybdate porter | Proteobacteria | ModABC of E. coli ModA (R) ModB (M) ModC (C) |
| 3.A.1.8.2 | The molybdate/tungstate ABC transporter, ModBC. The trans-inhibited 3-d structure of ModBC, is available (3D31.A and 3D31.B)(Gerber et al., 2008) | Archaea | ModBC of Methanosarcina acetivorans ModB (Q8TJ86) ModC (Q8TTV2) |
| 3.A.1.9: The Phosphonate Uptake Transporter (PhnT) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.9.1 | Phosphonate/organophosphate ester porter (broad specificity) | Proteobacteria | PhnCDE of E. coli PhnC (C) PhnD (R) PhnE (M) |
| 3.A.1.9.2 | Phosphonate/phosphate porter, PhnDCE (Gebhard and Cook, 2007) | Bacteria | PhnDCE of Mycobacterium smegmatis PhnC (C) (A0QQ70) PhnD (R) (A0QQ71) PhnE (M) (A0QQ68) |
| 3.A.1.10: The Ferric Iron Uptake Transporter (FeT) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.10.1 | Ferric iron (Fe3+) porter | Proteobacteria | SfuABC of Serratia marcescens SfuA (R) SfuB (M) SfuC (C) |
| 3.A.1.10.2 | Ferric iron (Fe3+) porter | Cyanobacteria | Fut A1A2BC of SynechocystisPCC6803 FutA1 (R) FutA2 (R) FutB (M) FutC (C) |
| 3.A.1.10.3 | Ferric iron (Fe3+) porter (selective for trivalent cations, Fe3+, Ga3+ and Al3+) (Anderson et al., 2004) | Proteobacteria | FbpABC (HitABC) of Haemophilus influenzae FbpA (R) (AAC21773) FbpB (M) (AAC21774) FbpC (C) (AAC21775) |
| 3.A.1.11: The Polyamine/Opine/Phosphonate Uptake Transporter (POPT) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.11.1 | Polyamine (putrescine/spermidine) porter | Proteobacteria | PotABCD of E. coli PotA (C) PotB (M) PotC (M) PotD (R) |
| 3.A.1.11.2 | Putrescine porter | Proteobacteria | PotGHIF of E. coli PotG (C) PotH (M) PotI (M) PotF (R) |
| 3.A.1.11.3 | Mannopine porter | Proteobacteria | MotABCD of Agrobacterium tumefaciens plasmid pTi15955 MotA (R) MotB (C) MotC (M) MotD (M) |
| 3.A.1.11.4 | Chrysopine porter | Proteobacteria | ChtGHIJK of Agrobacterium tumefaciens ChtG (C) ChtH (R) ChtI (R) ChtJ (M) ChtK (M) |
| 3.A.1.11.5 | 2-aminoethyl phosphonate porter | Proteobacteria | PhnSTUV of Salmonella typhimurium PhnS (R) PhnT (C) PhnU (M) PhnV (M) |
| 3.A.1.11.6 | The γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) uptake system, GtsABCD (White et al., 2009). | Bacteria | GtsABCD of Rhizobium leguminosarum GtsA (R) (Q1M7Q4) GtsB (M) (Q1M7Q3) GtsC (M) (Q1M7Q2) GtsD (C) (Q1M7Q1) |
| 3.A.1.12: The Quaternary Amine Uptake Transporter (QAT) Family (Similar to 3.A.1.16 and 3.A.1.17) | |||
| 3.A.1.12.1 | Glycine betaine/proline porter (also transports proline betaine, carnitine, dimethyl proline, homobetaine, γ-butyrobetaine and choline with low affinity) | Proteobacteria | ProVWX of E. coli ProW (M) ProX (R) ProV (C) |
| 3.A.1.12.2 | Glycine betaine porter (also transports dimethylsulfonioacetate and dimethylsulfoniopropionate) | Firmicutes | OpuAA, AB, AC of Bacillus subtilis OpuAA (C) OpuAB (M) OpuAC (R) |
| 3.A.1.12.3 | Choline porter | Firmicutes | OpuBA, BB, BC, BD of Bacillus subtilis OpuBA (C) OpuBB (M) OpuBC (R) OpuBD (M) |
| 3.A.1.12.4 | Uptake system for choline, L-carnitine, D-carnitine, glycine betaine, proline betaine, crotonobetaine, γ-butyrobetaine, dimethylsulfonioacetate, dimethylsulfoniopropionate, ectoine and choline-O-sulfate | Firmicutes | OpuCA, CB, CC, CD of Bacillus subtilis OpuCA (C) OpuCB (M) OpuCC (R) OpuCD (M) |
| 3.A.1.12.5 | Uptake system for glycine-betaine (high affinity) and proline (low affinity) (OpuAA-AC or BusAA-AB of Lactococcus lactis). BusAA, the ATPase subunit, has a C-terminal tandem cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) domain which is the cytoplasmic K+ sensor for osmotic stress (osmotic strength) (Biemans-Oldehinkel et al., 2006; Mahmood et al., 2006). | Firmicutes | BusAA-AB of Lactococcus lactis BusAA (C-CBS) BusAB (M-R) |
| 3.A.1.12.6 | Uptake system for hisitidine, proline, proline-betaine and glycine-betaine | Proteobacteria | HutXWV of Sinorhizobium meliloti HutX (R) HutW (M) HutV (C) |
| 3.A.1.12.7 | High affinity (3 μM) choline-specific uptake system (Dupont et al., 2004) | Proteobacteria | ChoXWV of Sinorhizobium meliloti ChoX (R) (AAM00244) ChoW (M) (AAM00245) ChoV (C) (AAM00246) |
| 3.A.1.12.8 | A proline/glycine betaine uptake system. Also reported to be a bile exclusion system that exports oxgall and other bile compounds, BilEA/EB or OpuBA/BB (required for normal virulence) (R.D. Sleator et al., 2005). | Bacteria | OpuBA/BB or BilEA/EB of Listeria monocytogenes OpuBA (C) (Q93A35) OpuBB (M-R) (Q93A34) |
| 3.A.1.12.9 | The salt-induced glycine betaine OtaABC transporter (Schmidt et al., 2007) | Archaea | OtaABC of Methanosarcina mazei Go1 OtaA (C) Q8U4S5 OtaB (M) Q8U4S4 OtaC (R) Q8U4S3 |
| 3.A.1.12.10 | The OpuC transporter selective for glycine betaine > choline, acetylcholine, carnitine and proline betaine (contains tandem cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) domains in the ABC component of OpuC that are required for osmoregulatory function (Chen and Beattie, 2007)). | Proteobacteria | OpuCA, CB, CC of Pseudomonas syringae OpuCC (R) (Q87WH3) OpuCB (M) (Q87WH4) OpuCA (C) (Q87WH5) |
| 3.A.1.12.11 | The glycine betaine uptake porter, GbpABCD (Saum et al., 2009). | Archaea | GbpABCD of Methanosarcina mazei GbpA (R) (Q8Q040) GbpB (M) (Q8Q043) GbpC (M) (Q9Q042) GbpD (C) (Q8Q041) |
| 3.A.1.12.12 | The CbcWV/CbcX (choline)/CaiX (carnitine)/BetX (betaine) transporter with 3 binding receptors for distinct quaternary ammonium compounds. Only the ligand-bound receptor binds to the transporter with high affinity (Chen et al., 2010;Thomas, 2010) | Bacteria | CbcWV/CbcX/CaiX/BetX of Pseudomonas aeruginosa CbcW (M) (Q9HTI7) CbcV (M) (Q9HTI8) CbcX (R) (Q9HTI6) CaiX (R) (Q9HTH6) BetX (R) () |
| 3.A.1.13: The Vitamin B12 Uptake Transporter (B12T) Family (Similar to 3.A.1.14) | |||
| 3.A.1.13.1 | Vitamin B12 porter. The 3-D structure of BtuCDF has been solved to 2.6Ĺ (Hvorup et al., 2007). | Proteobacteria | BtuCDF of E. coli BtuC (M) BtuD (C) BtuF (R) |
| 3.A.1.14: The Iron Chelate Uptake Transporter (FeCT) Family (Similar to 3.A.1.13 and 3.A.1.15) | |||
| 3.A.1.14.1 | Iron (Fe3+) or ferric-dicitrate porter (Braun and Herrmann, 2007) | Proteobacteria | FecBCDE of E. coli FecB (R) FecC (M) FecD (M) FecE (C) |
| 3.A.1.14.2 | Iron (Fe3+)-enterobactin porter | Proteobacteria | FepBCDG of E. coli FepB (R) FepC (C) FepD (M) FepG (M) |
| 3.A.1.14.3 | Iron (Fe3+)-hydroxamate (ferrichrome, coprogen, aerobactin, ferrioxamine B, schizakinen, rhodotorulic acid) porter, albomycin porter | Proteobacteria | FhuBCD of E. coli FhuB (M-M; 20 TMSs; 10+10) FhuC (C) FhuD (R) |
| 3.A.1.14.4 | Iron-chrysobactine porter | Proteobacteria | CbrABCD of Erwinia chrysanthemi CbrA (R) CbrB (M) CbrC (M) CbrD (C) |
| 3.A.1.14.5 | Heme (hemin) uptake porter | Proteobacteria | HmuTUV of Yersinia pestis HmuT (R) HmuU (M) HmuV (C) |
| 3.A.1.14.6 | The iron-vibriobactin/enterobactin uptake porter | Proteobacteria | ViuPDGC of Vibrio cholerae ViuP (R) ViuD (M) ViuG (M) ViuC (C) |
| 3.A.1.14.7 | Iron (Fe3+)-hydroxamate porter (transports Fe3+-ferrichrome and Fe3+-ferrioxamine B with FhuD1, and these compounds plus aerobactin and coprogen with FhuD2). | Firmicutes | FhuBCD1D2 of Staphylococcus aureus FhuB (M) FhuC (C) FhuD1 (R) FhuD2 (R) |
| 3.A.1.14.8 | The iron-vibrioferrin uptake porter (Tanabe et al., 2003) | Proteobacteria | PvuBCDE of Vibrio parahaemolyticus PvuB (R) (BAC16540) PvuC (M) (BAC16541) PvuD (M) (BAC16542) PvuE (C) (BAC16543) |
| 3.A.1.14.9 | The Corrinoid porter, BtuCDE (Woodson et al., 2005) | Archaea | BtuCDE of Halobacterium sp. strain NRC-1 BtuC (M) (AAG19698) BtuD (C) (NP_444218) BtuE (R) (AAG19697) |
| 3.A.1.14.10 | The heme porter, Shp/HtsABC (Shp) is a cell surface heme binding protein that transfers the heme directly to HstA (Nygaard et al., 2006). The crystal structure of the heme binding domain of Shp has been solved (Aranda et al., 2007). HtsABC, along with the FhuC ATPase, is required for the uptake of staphyloferrin A (Beasley et al. 2009). | Bacteria | Shp/HtsABC of Streptococcus pyogenes Shp (R1) (291 aas; AB179309) HtsA (R2) (294 aas; AB179210) HtsB (M) (340 aas; Q99YA3) HtsC (C) (278 aas; Q99YA4) |
| 3.A.1.14.11 | The putative metal-chelate-type ABC transporter HI1470(C)/HI1471(M) (3D structure known at 2.4 Ĺ resolution; Pinkett et al., 2007) | Bacteria | HI1470/HI1471 of Haemophilus influenzae HI1470 (C) (Q57399) HI1471 (M; 10 or 12 TMSs) (Q57130) |
| 3.A.1.14.12 | Desferrioxamine B uptake porter, DesABC (Barona-Gomez et al., 2006) | Bacteria | DesABC of Streptomyces coelicolor DesA (R) (CAB76300) DesB (M-M; 18 TMSs; 9+9 TMSs) (CAB76299) DesC (C) (CAB76301) |
| 3.A.1.14.13 | Coelichelin uptake porter, CchCDEF (Barona-Gomez et al., 2006) | Bacteria | CchCDEF of Streptomyces coelicolor CchC (M) (CAB53327) CchD (M) (CAB53326) CchE (C) (CAB53325) CchF (R) (CAB53324) |
| 3.A.1.14.14 | The Fe3+ uptake porter; SiuABD (Montañez et al., 2005) | Bacteria | SiuABD of Streptococcus pyogenes SiuA (C) Spy0386 SiuD (R) Spy0385 SiuB (M) Spy0384 |
| 3.A.1.14.15 | The Fe3+ uptake porter, SiaABC (Montañez et al., 2005) | Bacteria | SiaABC of Streptococcus pyogenes SiaA (R) Spy1795 SiaB (M) Spy1794 SiaC (C) Spy1793 |
| 3.A.1.14.16 | Uptake transporter for the catecholic trilactone (2, 3-dihydroxybenzoate-glycine-threonine)3 siderophore bacillibactin (for ferric iron scavenging), FeuABC (Gaballa and Helmann, 2007; Miethke et al., 2006). | Bacteria | FeuABC of Bacillus subtilis FeuA (R) (P40409) FeuB (M) (P40410) FeuC (M) (P40411) |
| 3.A.1.14.17 | The heme-specific uptake porter, HemTUV (Létoffé et al., 2008). | Bacteria | HemTUV of Serratia proteamaculans HemT (R) - (A8GDS8) HemU (M) - (A8GDS7) HemV (C) - (A8GDS6) |
| 3.A.1.14.18 | Heme acquisition ABC uptake transporter, IsdDEF (Liu et al., 2008) | Firmicutes | IsdDEF of Staphylococcus aureus IsdD (?) (358aas, 2TMSs) (Q5HGV2) IsdE (R) (295aas, 1TMS) (Q7A652) IsdF (M) (273aas; 8TMSs) (Q7A651) |
| 3.A.1.14.19 | The heme uptake porter, ShuTUV (Burkhard and Wilks, 2008). | Bacteria | ShuTUV of Shigella dysenteriae ShuT(R) (Q32AX9) ShuU(M) (Q32AY2) ShuV(C) (Q32AY3) |
| 3.A.1.14.20 | Heme uptake porter, HugBCD (Villarreal et al., 2008); also called HmuTUV. | Bacteria | HugBCD of Plesiomonas shigelloides HugB (R) (Q93SS3) HugC (M) (Q93SS2) HugD (C) (Q93SS1) |
| 3.A.1.14.21 | Heme-iron (hemin) utilization transporter BhuTUV ( Brickman et al., 2006; Vanderpool and Armstrong, 2004). | Gram-negative bacteria | BhuTUV of Bordetella pertussis BhuT (R) (Q7VSQ6) BhuU (M) (Q7W024) BhuV (C) (Q7W025) |
| 3.A.1.15: The Manganese/Zinc/Iron Chelate Uptake Transporter (MZT) Family (Similar to 3.A.1.12, 3.A.1.14 and 3.A.1.16) | |||
| 3.A.1.15.1 | Manganese (Mn2+) porter | Cyanobacteria | MntABC of Synechocystis 6803 MntA (C) MntB (M) MntC (R) |
| 3.A.1.15.2 | Manganese (Mn2+) and zinc (Zn2+) porter | Firmicutes | ScaABC of Streptococcus gordonii ScaA (R) ScaB (M) ScaC (C) |
| 3.A.1.15.3 | Zinc (Zn2+) porter | Firmicutes | AdcABC of Streptococcus pneumoniae AdcA (R) AdcB (M) AdcC (C) |
| 3.A.1.15.4 | Iron and manganese porter | Proteobacteria | YfeABCD of Yersinia pestis YfeA (R) YfeB (C) YfeC (M) YfeD (M) |
| 3.A.1.15.5 | Zinc (Zn2+) porter (required for Zn2+ homeostasis and virulence of Salmonella enterica; Ammendola et al., 2007). | Proteobacteria | ZnuABC (YebLMI) of E. coli ZnuA (R) ZnuC (C) ZnuB (M) |
| 3.A.1.15.6 | Iron (Fe2+)/Zinc (Zn2+)/Copper (Cu2+) porter | Firmicutes | MtsABC of Streptococcus pyogenes MtsA (R) MtsB (C) MtsC (M) |
| 3.A.1.15.7 | Manganese (Mn2+) (Km=0.1 μM) and iron (Fe2+) (5 μM) porter (inhibited by Cd2+ > Co2+ > Ni2+, Cu2+) (most similar to YfeABCD of Yersinia pestis (TC #3.A.1.15.4)) | Proteobacteria | SitABCD of Salmonella typhimurium SitA (R) SitB (C) SitC (M) SitD (M) |
| 3.A.1.15.8 | Manganese (Mn2+), zinc (Zn2+) and possibly iron (Fe2+) porter (Hazlett et al., 2003) | Spirochaetes | TroABCD of Treponema pallidum TroA (R) P96116 TroB (C) P96117 TroC (M) P96118 TroC (M) P96119 |
| 3.A.1.15.9 | Manganese (Mn2+) and Iron (Fe2+) porter, SitABCD (Davies and Walker, 2007) | Bacteria | Sit ABCD of Sinorhizobium meliloti
SitA (R) - (Q92LL5) SitB (M) - (Q92LL4) SitC (C) - (Q92LL3) SitD (M) - (Q92LL2) |
| 3.A.1.15.10 | The Mn2+/Zn2+ transporter MntABC (KB of Mn2+ and Zn2+ is 0.1μM which bind with equal affinity to the same site (Lim et al., 2008) | Bacteria | MntABC of Neisseria meningitidis: MntA (C) (A1IQK5) MntB (M) (A1IQK4) MntC (R) (Q5FA63) |
| 3.A.1.15.11 | The zinc uptake porter, YcdHI-YceA (Gaballa et al., 2002). | Firmicutes | YcdHI-YceA of Bacillus subtilis AdcA (YcdH) (R) (O34966) AdcC (YcdI) (C) (O34946) AdcB (YceA) (M) (O34610) |
| 3.A.1.16: The Nitrate/Nitrite/Cyanate Uptake Transporter (NitT) Family (Similar to 3.A.1.12 and 3.A.1.17) | |||
| 3.A.1.16.1 | Nitrate/nitrite porter | Cyanobacteria | NrtABCD of Synechococcus sp. (PCC 7942) NrtA (R) NrtB (M) NrtC (C) NrtD (C) |
| 3.A.1.16.2 | Bispecific cyanate/nitrite transporter (functions in both cyanate and nitrite assimilation; Maeda and Omata, 2009). | Cyanobacteria | CynABD of Synechococcus PCC7942 CynA (R) CynB (M) CynD (C) |
| 3.A.1.16.3 | Bicarbonate porter (activated by low [CO2] mediated by CmpR; (Nishimura et al., 2008)) | Cyanobacteria | CmpABCD of Synechococcus sp. CmpA (R) CmpB (M) CmpC (C) CmpD (C) |
| 3.A.1.17: The Taurine Uptake Transporter (TauT) Family (Similar to 3.A.1.12 and 3.A.1.16) | |||
| 3.A.1.17.1 | Taurine (2-aminoethane sulfonate) porter | Proteobacteria | TauABC of E. coli TauA (R) TauB (C) TauC (M) |
| 3.A.1.17.2 | Aromatic sulfonate porter | Proteobacteria | SsuABC of Pseudomonas putida SsuA (R) SsuB (C) SsuC (M) |
| 3.A.1.17.3 | The putative hydroxymethylpyrimidine uptake permease, HI0354-7 (Rodionov et al., 2002) | Bacteria | HI0354-7 of Haemophilus influenzae HI0354 (C) (P44656) HI0355 (M) (Q57306) HI0357 (R) (P44658) |
| 3.A.1.17.4 | The taurine uptake system, TauABC (Krejcík et al., 2008). | Proteobacteria | TauABC of Neptuniibacter caesariensis TauA (Q2BM68) TauB (Q2BM69) TauC (Q2BM70) |
| 3.A.1.17.5 | The phthalate uptake system, OphFGH (Chang et al. 2009). | Bacteria | OphFGH of Burkholderia capacia OphF (R) (C0LZR7) OphG (M) (C0LZR8) OphH (C) (C0LZR9) |
| 3.A.1.17.6 | Putative hydroxymethylpyrimidine transport system, ThiXYZ (Rodionov et al., 2009) | Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria | ThiXYZ of Pasteurella multocida ThiX (M) (Q9CLG9) ThiY (Q9CLH1) ThiZ (Q9CLG8) |
| 3.A.1.18: The Cobalt Uptake Transporter (CoT) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.18.1 | Cobalt (Co2+) porter (Rodionov et al., 2006) | Proteobacteria | CbiMNOQ of Salmonella typhimurium CbiM (M) (Q05594) CbiN (R) (Q05595) CbiO (C) (Q05596) CbiQ (M) (Q05598) |
| 3.A.1.19: The Thiamin Uptake Transporter (ThiT) Family (Most similar to 3.A.1.10, 3.A.1.6 and 3.A.1.8 in that order) | |||
| 3.A.1.19.1 | Thiamin, thiamin monophosphate and thiamin pyrophosphate porter. The 2.25 Ĺ structure of ThiB (TbpA) has been solved (Soriano et al., 2008). | Proteobacteria | ThiBPQ of Salmonella typhimurium (functionally characterized and partially sequenced) and E. coli (fully sequenced but not functionally characterized) ThiB; TbpA (R) ThiP; YabK (M) ThiQ; YabJ (C) |
| 3.A.1.20: The Brachyspira Iron Transporter (BIT) Family (Most similar to 3.A.1.6, 3.A.1.8 and 3.A.1.11) | |||
| 3.A.1.20.1 | The iron transporter, BitABCDEF | Spirochaetes | BitABCDEF of Brachyspira (Serpulina) hyodysenteriae BitA (R) BitB (R) BitC (R) BitD (C) BitE (M) BitF (M) |
| 3.A.1.21: The Siderophore-Fe3+ Uptake Transporter (SIUT) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.21.1 | The Fe3+-Yersiniabactin uptake transporter, YbtPQ (Brem et al., 2001; Fetherston et al., 1999) | Proteobacteria | YbtPQ of Yersinia pestis YbtP (M-C) YbtQ (M-C) |
| 3.A.1.21.2 | The Fe3+-carboxymycobactin transporter, IrtAB (Rodriguez and Smith, 2006). IrtA contains an FAD-binding domain (Ryndak et al., 2010). | Actinobacteria | IrtAB of Mycobacterium tuberculosis IrtA (M-C) (P63391) IrtB (M-C) (P63393) |
| 3.A.1.22: The Nickel Uptake Transporter (NiT) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.22.1 | Nickel (Ni2+) porter | Proteobacteria | CbiKMQO of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae CbiK (R) CbiM (M) CbiQ (M) CbiO (C) |
| 3.A.1.23: The Nickel/Cobalt Uptake Transporter (NiCoT) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.23.1 | Nickel (Ni2+) porter (Chen and Burne, 2003) | Firmicutes | UreMQO of Streptococcus salivarius UreM (M) (Q79CJ1) UreQ (M) (Q79CJ0) UreO (C) (Q79CI9) UreK (R) (Unknown) |
| 3.A.1.23.2 | Putative cobalt (Co2+) porter (Chen and Burne, 2003) | Firmicutes | CbiMQOK of Clostridium acetobutylicum CbiM (M) (AAK79333) CbiQ (M) (AAK79335) CbiO (C) (AAK79336) CbiK (R?) (AAK79334) |
| 3.A.1.24: The Methionine Uptake Transporter (MUT) Family (Similar to 3.A.1.3 and 3.A.1.12) | |||
| 3.A.1.24.1 | The L- and D-methionine porter (also transports formyl-L-methionine) (Zhang et al., 2003). The 3.7A structure of MetNI has been solved. An allosteric regulatory mechanism operates at the level of transport activity so increased intracellular levels of the transported ligand stabilize an inward-facing, ATPase-inactive state of MetNI to inhibit further ligand translocation into the cell (Kadaba et al., 2008). | Proteobacteria | MetNIQ (abc-yaeE-yaeC) of E. coli MetN (C) AAC73310 MetI (M) AAC73309 MetQ (R) AAC73308 |
| 3.A.1.24.2 | The L- and D-methionine porter (also transports methionine sulfoxide (Hullo et al., 2004) | Firmicutes | MetNPQ (YusCBA) of Bacillus subtilis MetN (C) CAB15264 MetP (M) CAB15263 MetQ (R) CAB15262 |
| 3.A.1.24.3 | The methionine porter, AtmBDE (Sperandio et al., 2007) | bacteria | AtmBDE of Streptococcus mutans AtmB (R) (Q8K8K9) AtmD (C) (Q8K8K8) AtmE (M) (Q8K8K7) |
| 3.A.1.24.4 | L-Methionine uptake porter, MetQNI | Bacteria | MetQNI of Corynebacterium glutamicum MetQ (R) (Q8NSN1) MetN (C) (Q8NSN2) MetI (M) (Q8NSN3) |
| 3.A.1.25: The Biotin Uptake Transporter (BioMNY) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.25.1 | The biotin uptake porter (binding receptor lacking) (see also the VUT or ECF family; BioY; 2.A.88.1.1) (Rodionov et al., 2006; Hebbeln et al., 2007). BioN (the EcfT component of the biotin transporter) appears to be required for intramolecular signaling and subunit assembly (Neubauer et al., 2009). | Bacteria | BioMNY of Rhizobium etli BioM (C) (226 aas; 0 TMSs; AAT52196) BioN (M) (202 aas; 5 TMSs; AAT52197) BioY )M) (189 aas; 6 TMSs; AAT52198) |
| 3.A.1.26: The Putative Thiamine Uptake Transporter (ThiW) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.26.1 | The putative ABC porter (COG4732), ThiW; 718 aas; 5 TMSs; domain order: M-C-C; plus the putative ATPase binding subunit, CbiQ homologue (binding receptor unknown) (Rodionov et al., 2009) | Bacteria | ThiW/CbiQ of Chloroflexus aurantiacus ThiW MCC (SAA) (A9WGB0) CbiQ M (T) (A9WGA9) |
| 3.A.1.26.2 | ThiW homologue/CbiQ homologue (ThiW: 647 aas; M-C-C; 5-6TMSs) (Rodionov et al., 2009) | Archaea | ThiW/ChiQ of Methanocorpusculum labreanum ThiW MCC (SAA) (A2SPE8) CbiQ M (T) (A2SPE9) |
| 3.A.1.26.3 | ThiW homologue (711 aas; M-C-C) (No known binding receptor) plus a CbiQ homologue (Rodionov et al., 2009) | Bacteria | ThiW/CbiQ homologues of Actinomyces odontolyticus ThiW MCC (SAA) (A7BAX2) CbiQ M (T) (A7BAX3) |
| 3.A.1.26.4 | ThiW/CbiQ homologues (ThiW: 697 aas; M-C-C) (No known binding receptor) (Rodionov et al., 2009) | Bacteria | ThiW/CbiQ homologues of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ThiW MCC (SAA) (P63399) CbiQ M (T) (P64997) |
| 3.A.1.26.5 | ThiW/CbiQ/CbiO homologues (ThiW: 174 aas; 5 putative TMSs) (Rodionov et al., 2009) | Bacteria | ThiW/CbiQ/CbiO homologues of Roseiflexus castenholzii ThiW (M) (S) (A7NRF9) CbiQ (M) (T) (A7NRG1) CbiO C-C (A-A) (A7NRG0) |
| 3.A.1.26.6 | The ThiW/CbiQ/CbiO1/CbiO2 homologues (ThiW: 184 aas; 1-6 TMSs) (Rodionov et al., 2009) | Archaea | ThiW/CbiQ/CbiO1/CbiO2 homologues of Aeropyrum pernix ThiW M (S) (Q9Y974) CbiQ M (T) (Q9Y982) CbiO1 C (A) (Q9Y979) CbiO2 C (A) (Q9Y977) |
| 3.A.1.26.7 | The putative hydroxyethyl thiazole (biosynthetic precursor of thiamine) porter, ThiW-EcfA1-A2-EcfT (this is a group II ECF transporter which uses a universal energy-coupling module (EcfA1-EcfA2-EcfT) in many firmicutes; Rodionov et al., 2002). | Bacteria | ThiW-EcfA1-EcfA2-EcfT of Enterococcus faecalis ThiW (M) (Q830K3) EcfA1 (C) (Q839D5) EcfA2 (C) (Q839D4) EcfT (M) (Q839D3) |
| 3.A.1.27: The γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) Family (Similar to 3.A.1.12 and 3.A.1.24) | |||
| 3.A.1.27.1 | The γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γHCH) uptake permease, LinKLMN (most similar to 3.A.1.12.4, the QAT family) (Endo et al., 2007) | Bacteria | LinKLMN of Sphingobium japonicum LinK (M) (BAF51698) LinL (C) (BAF51699) LinM (R) (BAF51700) LinN (lipoprotein) (BAF51701) |
| 3.A.1.27.2 | The chloroplast lipid (Trigalactosyl acyl glycerol (TDG)) transporter, Tdg1,2,3 (Lu et al., 2007). Lipids such as mono- and digalactolipids are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of plant cells and transferred to the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. Mutations in an outer chloroplastic envelope protein with 350 aas and 7 putative TMSs in the last 250 residues may catalyze translocation as part of a lipid transfer complex (Xu et al., 2003). | Plant Chloroplast | Tdg 1,2,3 of Arabidopsis thaliana: Tdg1 (M) (Q8L4R0) Tdg2 (R) (Q3EB35) Tdg3 (C) (Q9AT00) |
| 3.A.1.27.3 | ABC transporter maintaining outer membrane (OM) lipid asymmetry, MlaABCDEF (Malinverni and Silhavy, 2009). | Actinobacteria | MlaABCDEF of E. coli MlaA, OM lipoprotein component (251aas) (P76506) MlaB, cytoplasmic STAS component (97aas) (P64602) MlaC, periplasmic binding receptor (R) (211aas) (P0ADV7) MlaD, anchored periplasmic binding receptor (R) (183aas) (P64604) MlaE, inner membrane permease component (M) (260aas) (P64606) MlaF, ATP binding protein (C) (269aas) (P63386) |
| 3.A.1.27.4 | The cholesterol uptake porter (Mohn et al., 2008). Takes up cholesterol, 5-α-cholestanol, 5-α-cholestanone, β-sitosterol, etc. (It is not established that all of these proteins comprise the system or that other gene products are not involved.) | Actinobacteria | Cholesterol uptake porter of Rhodococcus jostii YrbE4A (ro04696; 254aas; 5-6 TMSs) (M) (Q0S7K4) YrbE4B (ro04697; 283aas; 5 TMSs) (M) (Q0S7K3) MceE4A (ro04698; 391aas; 1 N-terminal TMS) (R) (Q0S7K2) MceE4B (ro04699; 338aas; 1 N-terminal TMS) (R) (Q0S7K1) MlkA (ro01974; 363aas; 0 TMSs) (C) (Q0SFA1) MlkB (ro01744; 346aas; 0 TMSs) (C) (Q0SD37) |
| 3.A.1.27.5 | The Mce/Yrb/Mlk (Mammalian cell entry) ABC-type putative steroid uptake transporter (involved in several aspects of mycobacterial pathogenesis) (Mohn et al., 2008; Joshi et al., 2006). | Bacteria | The Mce transporter of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv YrbE4A (M) (254aas; 6 TMSs) (O53546) YrbE4B (M) (280aas; 5 TMSs) (O53545) MceA (R) (242aas; 1 TMS) (O06356) MceB (R) (244aas; 1 TMS) (O07422) Mlk (C) (Mkl; MceG; 359aas; 0 TMSs) (P63357) |
| 3.A.1.28.1 | The putative queuosine uptake transporter, QrtTUVW (Rodionov et al., 2009) (most similar to 2.A.88.2.1) | Bacteria | QrtTUVW of Salmonella enterica su. typh. QrtT (M) (Q8XGV9) QrtU (M) (Q8Z3V9) QrtV (C) (Q8Z3V8) QrtW (C) (Q8Z3V7) |
| 3.A.1.29.1 | The putative methionine precursor/uptake transporter, MtsTUV (T is most similar to 3.A.1.23.2; U is most similar to 2.A.36.7.1 and 3.A.1.14.2; V is most similar to 3.A.1.23.2 and 3.A.1.25.1) (Rodionov et al., 2009) | Bacteria | MtsTUV of Lactobacillus johnsoni MtsT (C) (Q74I63) MtsU (M) (Q74I62) MtsV (M) (Q74I61) |
| 3.A.1.30.1 | The putative thiamin precursor uptake transporter, YkoEDC (Rodionov et al., 2009) (E is most similar to 3.A.1.4.3; D is most similar to 3.A.1.26.2; C is most similar to 3.A.1.23.2). | Bacteria | YkoEDC of Bacillus subtilis YkoE (M) (O34738) YkoD (C-C) (O34362) YkoC (M) (O34572) |
| 3.A.1.31.1 | The putative uptake transporter of unknown substrate specificity, HtsTUV (Rodionov et al., 2009) (U is most similar to 3.A.1.25.1; V is most similar to 3.A.1.26.1). | Bacteria | HtsTUV of Bifidobacterium longum HtsT (M) (Q8G6E7) HtsU (M) (Q8G6E8) HtsV (C-C) (Q8G6E9) |
| 3.A.1.32.1 | The putative cobalamin precursor uptake transporter, CbrTUV (Rodionov et al., 2009) (CbrT is most similar to 2.A.1.15.1; CbrU is most similar to 3.A.1.26.1 (MFS; e-4); CbrV is most similar to 2.A.53.11.1 and 3.A.1.2.2 (score of 0.035)) (CbrT has 6 putative TMSs; CbrV has 8-10 putative TMSs). | Bacteria | CbrTUV of Streptomyces coelicolor CbrT (M) (Q9KXJ5) CbrU (C-C) (Q9KXJ6) CbrV (M) (Q9KXJ7) |
| 3.A.1.33.1 | The putative methylthio adenosine uptake transporter (Rodionov et al., 2009). MtaTUV (MtaT and MtaU are most similar to 3.A.1.26.1 (ThiW); MtaV is most similar to 3.A.1.25.1 (BioN) and 3.A.1.23.2 (CbiQ)). | Bacteria | MtaTUV of Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis MtaT (M) (Q8R9M1) MtaU (C-C) (Q8R9L8) MtaV (M) (Q8R9L9) |
| 3.A.1.34.1 | The putative tryptophan uptake transporter, TrpXYZ (Rodionov et al., 2009) | Bacteria | TrpXYZ of Streptococcus pyogenes TrpX (R) (Q99ZY6) TrpY (M) (Q99ZY4) TrpZ (C) (Q99ZY3) |
| 3.A.1.101: The Capsular Polysaccharide Exporter (CPSE) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.101.1 | Capsular polysaccharide exporter | Gram-negative bacteria | KpsMT of E. coli KpsM KpsM (M) - (P24584) KpsT (C) - (P24586) |
| 3.A.1.101.2 | Vi polysaccharide exporter, VexBC (Hashimoto et al, 1993). | Gram-negative bacteria | VexBC of Salmonella typhi VexB (M) - (P43109) VexC (C) - (P43110) |
| 3.A.1.102: The Lipooligosaccharide Exporter (LOSE) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.102.1 | Lipooligosaccharide exporter (nodulation proteins, NodIJ) | Gram-negative bacteria | NodIJ of Rhizobium galegae NodJ (M) NodI (C) |
| 3.A.1.103: The Lipopolysaccharide Exporter (LPSE) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.103.1 | Lipopolysaccharide exporter | Gram-negative bacteria | RfbAB of Klebsiella pneumoniae RfbA (M) RfbB (C) |
| 3.A.1.103.2 | Heteropolysaccharide O-antigen exporter (Feng et al., 2004). The C-terminal cytoplasmic domain of Wzt (a IgG-like β-sandwich) determines the specificity of the transporter for either O8 or O9a O-PS (Cuthbertson et al., 2007). | Gram-negative bacteria | Wzm/Wzt of E. coli Wzm (M) (AAS99164) Wzt (C) (AAS99165) |
| 3.A.1.104: The Teichoic Acid Exporter (TAE) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.104.1 | Teichoic acid exporter | Gram-positive bacteria | TagGH of Bacillus subtilis TagG (M) TagH (C) |
| 3.A.1.105: The Drug Exporter-1 (DrugE1) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.105.1 | Daunorubicin; doxorubicin (drug resistance) exporter | Gram-positive bacteria | DrrAB of Streptomyces peucetius DrrA (C) DrrB (M) |
| 3.A.1.105.2 | Oleandomycin (drug resistance) exporter | Gram-positive bacteria | OleC4-OleC5 of Streptomyces antibioticus OleC4 (C) OleC5 (M) |
| 3.A.1.105.3 | The 4A-4E-O-dideacetyl-chromomycin A3 (biosynthetic precursor of chromomycin) exporter (may also export chromomycin and mithramycin (Menendez et al., 2007). | Gram-positive Bacteria | CmrAB of Streptomyces greseus CmrA(C) (Q70J75) CmrB(M) (Q70J76) |
| 3.A.1.105.4 | The pyoluteorin efflex pump, PltHIJKN | γ-proteobacteria | PltHIJKN of Pseudomonas sp. M18: PltH (336aas; MFP) - (Q4VWD0) PltI (589aas; C-C) - (Q4VWC9) PltJ (377aas; M; COG0842; similar to 9.B.74.2 (ABC-2)) - (Q4VWC8) PltK (372aas; M; The C-terminal hydrophobic half has 5TMSs and is most similar to PltJ, and then to 9.B.74.2, but it is also homologous to 3.A.1.105.2 and 3.A.1.102.1) - (Q4VWC7) PltN (480aas; OMF) - (Q4VWC6) |
| 3.A.1.106: The Lipid Exporter (LipidE) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.106.1 | Phospholipid, LPS, lipid A and drug exporter (flippase) (Eckford and Sharom, 2010). MsbA (essential for export to the outer membrane). MsbA also confers drug resistance to azidopine, daunomycin, vinblastine, Hoechst 33342 and ethidium (Reuter et al., 2003). Four x-ray structures, trapped in different conformations, two with and two without nucleotide, have been solved (Ward et al., 2007). They suggest an alternating accessibility mode of transport with major conformational changes. | Gram-negative bacteria | MsbA (M-C) of E. coli |
| 3.A.1.106.2 | The homodimeric Sav1866 multidrug exporter (transports doxorubicin, verapamil, ethidium, tetraphenylphosphonium, vinblastine and the fluorescent dye, Hoechst 33342; 3-D structure known at 3 Å resolution; Dawson and Locher, 2006; Velamakanni et al., 2008) | Gram-positive Bacteria | Sav1866 of Staphylococcus aureus (M-C) 2HYDA/2HYDB (578 aas) |
| 3.A.1.106.3 | The dimeric multidrug resistance exporter, ABC1/2 (exports the peptide antimicrobrials, nisin and polymyxin; (Margolles et al., 2006) (both ABC1 and ABC2 also show striking similarity to family 3.A.1.117). | Gram-positive Bacteria | ABC1/2 of Brevibacterium longum: ABC-1 (M-C) (ZP_00121338) ABC-2 (M-C) (ZP_00121339) |
| 3.A.1.106.4 | The duplicated ABC transporter, CgR_1214 (1247 aas; MC(poorly conserved) MC(well conserved)) | Bacteria | CgR_1214 of Corynebacterium glutamicum (MCMC)
(A4QD95) |
| 3.A.1.106.5 | The heterodimeric multidrug efflux pump, SmdAB (exports norfloxacin, tetracycline, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and Hoechst 33342) (Matsuo et al., 2008). | Bacteria | SmdAB of Serratia marcescens: SmdA (M-C) (A7VN01) SmdB (M-C) (A7VN02) |
| 3.A.1.106.6 | Multidrug efflux pump, Rv0194 (exports & causes resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin and chloramphenicol by 32- to 64-fold and to vancomycin and tetracycline by 4- to 8-fold (Danilchanka et al., 2008)). | Bacteria | Rv0194 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MCMC) (O53645) |
| 3.A.1.106.7 | The Salmochelin/Enterobactin secretory exporter, IroC (Crouch et al., 2008). | Bacteria | IroC of Salmonella enterica (MCMC) (Q8RMB7) |
| 3.A.1.106.8 | The heterodimeric YheHI MDR transporter (Torres et al., 2009) (activates KinA during sporulation initiation) | Bacteria | YheHI of Bacillus subtilis
YheH (M-C) (O07549)
YheI (M-C) (O07550) |
| 3.A.1.107: The Putative Heme Exporter (HemeE) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.107.1 | Putative heme exporter, CcmABC=CycVWZ (Note: CcmC may function independently of CcmAB) (Feissner et al., 2006; Christensen et al., 2007) | Gram-negative bacteria | CycVWZ of Bradyrhizobium japonicum CycV (C) CycW (M) CycZ (M) |
| 3.A.1.107.2 | The mitochondrial ABC transporter involved in cytochrome c maturation, CcmA/CcmB. (Note: CcmA is nuclearly encoded while CcmB is mitochondrially encoded) (Rayapuram et al., 2007) | Plant Mitochondria | CcmA/CcmB of Arabidopsis thaliana CcmA(C) (Q9C8T1) CcmB(M) (P93280) |
| 3.A.1.107.3 | CcmABCD exporter; CcmD (69aas, 1TMS) is required for the release of CcmE (which binds heme in the periplasm) from CcmABC. CcmC (9.B.14.2.3) is required for the transfer of heme to CcmE in the periplasm (Richard-Fogal et al., 2008) | Proteobacteria | CcmABCD of E. coli CcmA (C) (Q8XE58) CcmB (M; 7 TMSs) (P0ABM0) CcmC (M; 6 TMSs) (P0ABM1) CcmD (M; 1 TMS) (P0ABM7) |
| 3.A.1.108: The β-Glucan Exporter (GlucanE) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.108.1 | β-Glucan exporter | Gram-negative bacteria | NdvA (M-C) of Rhizobium meliloti |
| 3.A.1.109: The Protein-1 Exporter (Prot1E) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.109.1 | α-Hemolysin exporter | Gram-negative bacteria | HlyB (M-C) of E. coli |
| 3.A.1.109.2 | Cyclolysin exporter, CyaB (Glaser et al., 1988) (Possesses an N-terminal lysosomal sorting signal within the amino-terminal transmembrane domain; Kamakura et al., 2008). | Gram-negative bacteria | CyaB (M-C) of Bordetella pertussis |
| 3.A.1.109.3 | LapA adhesin protein exporter, LapB (Hinsa et al., 2003) | Bacteria | LapB of Pseudomonas putida LapB (MC) (AAN65800) |
| 3.A.1.109.4 | The biofilm inducible ABC-type drug resistance pumps, PA1875-PA1877 (Zhang and Mah, 2008). | Proteobacteria | PA1875-PA1877 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1875 (OMF; 425 aas) (Q9I2M2) PA1876 (ABC; M-C; 723 aas) (Q9I2M1) PA1877 (MFP; 395 aas) (Q9I2M0) |
| 3.A.1.110: The Protein-2 Exporter (Prot2E) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.110.1 | Microcin E492 exporter, MceFGH (MceF has 5 or 6 TMSs; MceG has 6 TMSs; MceH has 1 N-terminal TMS) (Bieler et al., 2006; Lagos et al., 1999) | Proteobacteria | MceFGH of Klebsiella pneumoniae MceF (M) (Q93GK6) MceG (C-M-C) (Q93GK5) MceH (MFP) (Q93GK4) |
| 3.A.1.110.2 | Colicin V exporter | Enteric bacteria | CvaB (M-C) of E. coli |
| 3.A.1.110.3 | The multiple protein exporter, PrsD/PrsE (exports EPS glycanases, PlyA and PlyB, as well as Rhizobium adhering proteins) (Russo et al., 2006). 12 substrates have been identified; PrsDE provide the major route of protein export in R. leguminosarum (Krehenbrink and Downie, 2008). | Gram-negative bacteria | PrsD/PrsE of Rhizobium leguminosarum PrsD(M-C) (O05693) PrsE(MFP) (O05694) |
| 3.A.1.110.4 | Alkaline protease exporter | Gram-negative bacteria | AprD (M-C) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 3.A.1.110.5 | S-layer protein exporter | Gram-negative bacteria | RsaD (M-C) of Caulobacter crescentus |
| 3.A.1.110.6 | Exporter for lipase, LipA, protease, PrtA and S-layer protein SlaA | Gram-negative bacteria | LipB (M-C) of Serratia marcescens |
| 3.A.1.110.7 | Exporter for heme-binding protein and metaloprotease | Gram-negative bacteria | HasD (M-C) of Serratia marcescens |
| 3.A.1.110.8 | Surface layer protein exporter | Gram-negative bacteria | SapD (M-C) of Campylobacter fetus |
| 3.A.1.110.9 | Exporter of HasA lipase, and alkaline protease | Gram-negative bacteria | HasD (M-C) of Pseudomonas fluorescens |
| 3.A.1.110.10 | The AlgE-type Mannuronan C-5-Epimerase exporter, EexD (PrtD) (Gimmestad et al., 2006). | Bacteria | EexD of Azotobacter vinelandii (C1DS84) |
| 3.A.1.111: The Peptide-1 Exporter (Pep1E) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.111.1 | Hemolysin/bacteriocin (cytolysin) exporter with associated proteolytic activity | Gram-positive bacteria | CylT (M-C) (CylB) of Enterococcus faecalis |
| 3.A.1.111.2 | Subtilin (toxic peptide) exporter | Gram-positive bacteria | SpaB (M-C) of Bacillus subtilis |
| 3.A.1.111.3 | Nisin exporter | Gram-positive bacteria | NisT (M-C) of Lactococcus lactis |
| 3.A.1.111.4 | Bacteriocin immunity protein, SmbG (198 aas; 6TMSs in a 2+2+2 arrangement. (Exports bacteriocins and causes resistance to antibiotics such as tetracycline, penicillin and triclosan). Upregulated by exposure to antibiotics (Matsumoto-Nakano and Kuramitsu, 2006) | Gram-positive bacteria | SmbG (M-C) of Streptococcus mutans (Q5TLL2) |
| 3.A.1.111.5 | The lacticin Q exporter, LcnDR3 (Yoneyama et al., 2009). | Gram-positive bacteria | LcnDR3 (M-C) of Lactococcus lactis (P37608) |
| 3.A.1.112: The Peptide-2 Exporter (Pep2E) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.112.1 | Competence factor (CSF; a heptadecapeptide) exporter | Gram-positive bacteria | ComA (M-C) of Streptococcus pneumoniae (functions with putative MFP accessory protein, ComB) |
| 3.A.1.112.2 | Pediocin PA-1 exporter | Gram-positive bacteria | PedD (M-C) of Pediococcus acidilactici |
| 3.A.1.112.3 | Bacteriocin (lactococcin) exporter | Gram-positive bacteria | LcnC (M-C) of Lactococcus lactis (functions with putative MFP accessory protein LcnD) |
| 3.A.1.112.4 | Sublancin exporter, SunT | Gram-positive bacteria | SunT (M-C) of Bacillus subtilis |
| 3.A.1.113: The Peptide-3 Exporter (Pep3E) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.113.1 | Modified cyclic peptide (syringomycin) exporter, SyrD | Gram-negative bacteria | SyrD (M-C) of Pseudomonas syringae |
| 3.A.1.113.2 | Pyoverdin (siderophore) exporter | Gram-negative bacteria | PvdE (M-C) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 3.A.1.113.3 | The microcin J25 (21 aa cyclic peptide antibiotic) exporter, YojI (Delgado et al., 2005) (TolC is also required for export; Vincent and Morero, 2009). | Gram-negative bacteria | YojI of E. coli (P33941) |
| 3.A.1.114: The Probable Glycolipid Exporter (DevE) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.114.1 | Probable glycolipid exporter (under nitrogen control in heterocysts), DevABC-HgdD (Moslavac et al., 2007) | Cyanobacteria | DevABC-HgdD of Anabaena variabilis (sp. strain PCC7120) DevA (C) DevB (MFP) DevC (M) HgdD (TolC like) |
| 3.A.1.115: The Na+ Exporter (NatE) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.115.1 | Na+ efflux pump NatAB | Gram-positive bacteria | NatAB of Bacillus subtilis NatA (M) NatB (C) |
| 3.A.1.116: The Microcin B17 Exporter (McbE) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.116.1 | Microcin B17 exporter | Enteric bacteria | McbEF of E. coli McbE (M) McbF (C) |
| 3.A.1.117: The Drug Exporter-2 (DrugE2) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.117.1 | The multidrug exporter, LmrA (can also substitute for MsbA [TC #3.A.1.106.1] to export lipid A; Reuter et al., 2003). | Gram-positive bacteria | LmrA (M-C) of Lactococcus lactis |
| 3.A.1.117.2 | Hop resistance protein, HorA | Gram-positive bacteria | HorA (M-C) of Lactobacillus brevis |
| 3.A.1.118: The Microcin J25 Exporter (McjD) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.118.1 | The cyclic peptide antibiotic, microcin J25 exporter, McjD (TolC is also required for export; Vincent and Morero, 2009). | Gram-negative bacteria | McjD (M-C) of E. coli |
| 3.A.1.119: The Drug/Siderophore Exporter-3 (DrugE3) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.119.1 | 5-Hydroxystreptomycin and other streptomycin-like aminoglycoside exporter, StrVW | Gram-positive bacteria | StrVW of Streptomyces glaucescens StrV (M-C) StrW (M-C) |
| 3.A.1.119.2 | Tetracycline/oxytetracycline/oxacillin exporter, TetAB | Gram-positive bacteria | TetAB (StrAB) of Corynebacterium striatum TetA (M-C) TetB (M-C) |
| 3.A.1.119.3 | Exochelin exporter, ExiT | Gram-positive bacteria | ExiT of Mycobacterium smegmatis (MC-M-C) |
| 3.A.1.120: The (Putative) Drug Resistance ATPase-1 (Drug RA1) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.120.1 | Macrolide ATPase (membrane constituent unknown) | Gram-positive bacteria | SrmB (C-C) of Streptomyces ambofaciens |
| 3.A.1.120.2 | Tylosin ATPase (membrane constituent unknown) | Gram-positive bacteria | TlrC (C-C) of Streptomyces fradiae |
| 3.A.1.120.3 | Oleandomycin resistance ATPase (membrane constituent unknown) | Gram-positive bacteria | OleB (C-C) of Streptomyces antibioticus |
| 3.A.1.120.4 | Carbomycin resistance ATPase (membrane constituent unknown) | Gram-positive bacteria | Carbomycin, CarA (C-C), protein of Streptomyces thermotolerans |
| 3.A.1.120.5 | The acetate resistance ABC acetate exporter (Nankano et al., 2006) | Gram-negative bacteria | AatA (C-C) of Acetobacter aceti (BAE71146) |
| 3.A.1.120.6 | The Uup protein (required for bacterial competitiveness (Murat et al., 2008); 39% identical to 3.A.1.120.5). | Gram-negative bacteria | Uup of E. coli (P43672) |
| 3.A.1.121: The (Putative) Drug Resistance ATPase-2 (Drug RA2) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.121.1 | Erythromycin ATPase (membrane constituent unknown) | Gram-positive bacteria | MsrA (C-C) of Staphylococcus epidermidis |
| 3.A.1.121.2 | Pristinamycin resistance protein, VgaG | Gram-positive bacteria | VgaB (C-C) of Staphylococcus aureus |
| 3.A.1.121.3 | Antibiotic (virginiamycin and lincomycin) resistance protein, VmlR | Gram-positive bacteria | VmlR (C-C) of Bacillus subtilis (P39115) |
| 3.A.1.121.4 | The two component ABC-4-type transporter (Rafii and Park, 2008) | Bacteria and archaea | The ABC-4 M/C-C transporter of Clostridium hathewayi (Q83XH0) (Q83XH1) |
| 3.A.1.122: The Macrolide Exporter (MacB) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.122.1 | Macrolide (14- and 15- but not 16-membered lactone macrolides including erythromycin) exporter, MacAB (both MacA and MacB are required for activity) (Tikhonova et al., 2007). MacAB also functions (probably with TolC) to export heat-stable enterotoxin II (Yamanaka et al., 2008). The crystal structure of MacA is available (Yum et al., 2009). MacB is a dimer whose ATPase activity and macrolide-binding capacity are regulated by the membrane fusion protein MacA (Lin et al., 2009). Xu et al. (2009) have reported the crystal structure of the periplasmic region of MacB. | Gram-negative bacteria | MacAB of E. coli: MacA(MFP) (P75830) MacB(C-M) (P75831) |
| 3.A.1.122.2 | The SpdC antimicrobial peptide resistance efflux pump, YknXYZ (Butcher and Helmann, 2006) | Bacteria | YknXYZ of Bacillus subtilis: YknX (MFP) (O31710) YknY (C) (O31711) YknZ (M) (O31712) |
| 3.A.1.122.3 | The enterocin AS-48 exporter, As-48FGH | Gram-positive bacteria | As-48FGH on plasmid pMBL of Enterococcus faecalis: As-48F (MFP) (Q7AUQ4) As-48H (M) (Q8RKC0) As-48G (C) (Q8RKC1) |
| 3.A.1.122.4 | Probable Heme exporter, HrtAB (Stauff et al., 2008) | Bacteria | HrtAB of Staphylococcus aureus: HrtA (C) (Q7A3X3) HrtB (M) (Q7A7X2) |
| 3.A.1.122.5 | ABC transporter of unknown function (DUF214 protein) (4TMSs)/ABC protein [Msed1528/Msed1530] | Archaea | Msed1528/Msed1530 of Metallosphaera sedula
(M) (A4YGY2) |
| 3.A.1.122.6 | ABC transporter of unknown function (DUF214 protein) (4TMSs)/ABC protein [MA2839/MA2840] | Archaea | MA2839/MA2840 of Methanosarcina acetivorans MA2839 (M) (Q8TM31) MA2840 (C) (Q8TM30) |
| 3.A.1.122.7 | ABC transporter of unknown function (Duf214 protein (409aas; 4TMSs:1+3)/ABC protein) | Archaea | Duf214 protein/ ABC protein of Methanococcus voltae: Duf214 protein (M) (A8TDX0) ABC protein (C) (A8TDW7) |
| 3.A.1.122.8 | Putative ABC3 permease, PC1,2,3. | Bacteria | PC1,2,3 of Treponema denticola: PC1 (C) - Q73MJ2 PC2 (M) - Q73MJ3 PC3 (M) - Q73MJ4 |
| 3.A.1.122.9 | Duf214 protein (405aas)/ ABC protein | Archaea | Duf214/ABC system of Caldivirga maquilingensis: Duf214 protein (M) (A8M8Z1) |
| 3.A.1.122.10 | Duf214 (423aas)/ ABC system | Archaea | Duf214/ABC system of Sulfolobus tokodaii: Duf214 protein (M) (Q973J4) |
| 3.A.1.123: The Peptide-4 Exporter (Pep4E) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.123.1 | Pep5 lantibiotic exporter, PepT | Gram-positive bacteria | PepT (M-C) of Staphylococcus epidermidis |
| 3.A.1.123.2 | Aureocin A70 multipeptide bacteriocin (AurA, AurB, AurC, AurD) exporter, AurT | Gram-positive bacteria | AurT (M-C) of Staphylococcus aureus |
| 3.A.1.123.3 | The one component lantibiotic exporter, GdmT (Sibbald et al., 2006) | Gram-positive bacterium | GdmT (M-C) of Staphylococcus gallinarum (A3QNP2) |
| 3.A.1.124: The 3-component Peptide-5 Exporter (Pep5E) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.124.1 | The 3-component nisin immunity exporter, NisFEG. Contains an essential E-loop (Okuda et al., 2010). | Gram-positive bacteria | NisFEG of Lactococcus lactis NisF (C) NisE (M) NisG (M) |
| 3.A.1.124.2 | The 3-component subtilin immunity exporter, SpaEFG | Gram-positive bacteria | SpaEFG of Bacillus subtilis SpaE (M) SpaF (C) SpaG (M) |
| 3.A.1.124.3 | The lantibiotic Nukacin ISK-1 (TC# 1.C.21.1.5)/NukH (BAD01013; 92aas) exporter, NukEFG (Okuda et al., 2008) | Gram-positive bacteria | NukEFG of Staphylococcus warneri NukE (M) (Q75V14) NukF (C) (Q75V15) NukG (M) (Q75V13) |
| 3.A.1.124.4 | The macedocin exporter, McdEFG (Papadelli et al., 2007) | Gram-positive bacteria | McdEFG of Streptococcus macedonicus McdE (M; 254 aas) (A6MER6) McdG (M; 245 aas) (A6MER7) McdF (C; 304 aas) (A6MER5) |
| 3.A.1.124.5 | The salivaricin exporter, SboEFG (Hyink et al., 2007) | Gram-positive bacteria | SboEFG of Streptococcus salivarius SboE (M; 249 aas) (Q09IH9) SboF (C; 303 aas) (Q09II0) SboG (M; 242 aas) (Q09IH8) |
| 3.A.1.125: The Lipoprotein Translocase (LPT) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.125.1 | Lipoprotein translocation system (translocates lipoproteins from the inner membrane to periplasmic chaperone, LolA, which transfers the lipoproteins to an outer membrane receptor, LolB, which anchors the lipoprotein to the outer membrane of the Gram-negative bacterial cell envelope) (see 1.B.46; Narita et al., 2003; Ito et al., 2006; Watanabe et al., 2007). The structure of ligand-bound LolCDE has been solved (Ito et al., 2006). LolC and LolE each have 4 TMSs (1+3). Unlike most ATP binding cassette transporters mediating the transmembrane flux of substrates, the LolCDE complex catalyzes the extrusion of lipoproteins anchored to the outer leaflet of the inner membrane. The LolCDE complex is unusual in that it can be purified as a liganded form, which is an intermediate of the lipoprotein release reaction (Taniguchi and Tokuda, 2008). LolCDE has been reconstituted from separated subunits (Kanamaru et al., 2007). | Gram-negative bacteria | LolCDE of E. coli LolC (M) LolD (C) LolE (M) |
| 3.A.1.125.2 | Putative lipoprotein LolCDE homologue LolCE (10TMSs:1+6+3)/LolD | Bacteria | LolCE/LolD of Mycobacterium tuberculosis LolCE (M) (Q7D911) LolD (C) (O53899) |
| 3.A.1.125.3 | Duf214 protein (843aas; 10TMSs:1+6+3) | Bacteria | Duf214 protein/ ABC protein of Frankia sp. CcI3: Duf214 protein (M) - Q2J9P4 [LolD/FtsE/SalX]-type ABC protein (C) - Q2J9P5 |
| 3.A.1.126: The | |||
| 3.A.1.126.1 | Exporter of β-exotoxin I, BerAB | Bacteria | β-exotoxin exporter, BerAB, of Bacillus thuringiensis BerA (C) BerB (M) |
| 3.A.1.127: The AmfS Peptide Exporter (AmfS-E) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.127.1 | Exporter of AmfS extracellular peptidic morphogen (Chater and Horinouchi, 2003; Ueda et al., 2002) | Bacteria | AmfS exporter, AmfAB of Streptomyces griseus AmfA (MC) (BAA33537) AmfB (MC) (BBA33538) |
| 3.A.1.128: The SkfA Peptide Exporter (SkfA-E) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.128.1 | Exporter of SkfA processed peptide (spO31422), SkfEF (González-Pastor et al., 2003) | Bacteria | SkfEF (YbdAB) of Bacillus subtilis SkfE (C) O31427 SkfF (M-M) O31438 |
| 3.A.1.128.2 | Putative ABC exporter, Teth 514-0346 & 0347 | Bacteria | Teth 514-0346 & 0347 of Thermoanaerobacter sp. x514: Teth514-0346 (C) (B0K2P2) Teth514-0347 (M-M) (B0K2P3) |
| 3.A.1.128.3 | Putative ABC exporter, CLK2533/CLK2534 | Bacteria | CLK2533/CLK2534 of Clostridium botulinum CLK2533 (M-M) (B1L0U0) CLK2534 (C) (B1L0U1) |
| 3.A.1.128.4 | Putative ABC exporter Tiet1371/1372 | Bacteria | Tiet1371/72 of Thermotoga lettingae Tiet1371 (M-M) (A8F6Z4) Tiet1372 (C) (A8F6Z5) |
| 3.A.1.129: The CydDC Cysteine Exporter (CydDC-E) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.129.1 | Cysteine/Glutathione exporter, CydDC; CydC is also called MdrH (periplasmic cysteine is required for cytochrome bd assembly) (Cruz-Ramos et al., 2004) | Bacteria | CydDC of E. coli CydD (M-C) (P29018) CydC (M-C) (P23886) |
| 3.A.1.130: The Multidrug/Hemolysin Exporter (MHE) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.130.1 | The multidrug/hemolysin exporter, CylA/B (note: CylK (AAF01071) may influence its activity)(Gottschalk et al., 2006) | Bacteria | CylA/B of Streptococcus agalactiae CylA (C) (Q9X432) CylB (M) (Q9X433) |
| 3.A.1.131: The Bacitracin Resistance (Bcr) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.131.1 | The 3 component bacitracin-resistance efflex pump, BcrABC (Podlesek et al., 1995) (BcrA is most similar to SpaF (3.A.1.124.2), but BcrB (6TMSs) and BcrC are not sufficiently similar to detect similarity in BLAST searches). BcrC (5TMSs) belongs to the PAP2 phosphatase superfamily). | Bacteria | BcrABC of Bacillus licheniformis BcrA (C) - (P42332) BcrB (M) - (P42333) BcrC (M) - (P42334) |
| 3.A.1.131.2 | Lantibiotic immunity protein, LanEFG, contains an essential E-loop, a variant of the Q-loop, well conserved in nucleotide binding domains of lantibiotic exporters (Okuda et al., 2010). | Gram-positive bacteria | LanEFG of Bacillus licheniformis LanE (M) (Q65DD3) LanF (C) (Q65DD1) LanG (M) (A5A639) |
| 3.A.1.132: The Gliding Motility ABC Transporter (Gld) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.132.1 | The GldAFG putative ABC transporter required for ratchet-type gliding motility; may function in secretion of a macromolecule such as an exopolysaccharide. (Agarwal et al., 1997; Hunnicutt et al., 2002). Soluble GldG homologues (no TMSs) are found in eukaryotes (e.g. intraflagellar protein transporter, IPT52 of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii; XP_001692161) | Bacteria | GldAFG of Flavobacterium johnsoniae: GldA (C; 298 aas) - (O30489) GldF (M; 241 aas; 6TMSs (2+2+2) - (Q93LN1) GldG (M-periplasm; putative auxillary subunit with 2TMSs at the N and C-termini; 561 aas)- (Q93LN0). |
| 3.A.1.132.2 | The NosDFY Copper ABC transporter (Chan et al., 1997) | Bacteria | NosDFY of Sinorhizobium meliloti NosD (R; periplasmic copper binding receptor)(Q52899) NosF (C; like GldA) (Q52900) NosY (M; like GldF) (O07330) |
| 3.A.1.132.3 | The uncharacterized ABC transporter with GldF-GldG homologues fused | Bacteria | GldAFG homologues of Magnetococcus sp. MC-1 GldFG (M-Aux; 964 aas) (A0L4K8) GldA (C; 399 aas) (A0L4L0) |
| 3.A.1.132.4 | The uncharacterized ABC transporter with GldF-GldG homologues fused | Bacteria | GldAFG homologues of Hahella chejuensis GldF-G (M-Aux; 978 aas) (Q2SDB0) GldA (C; 315 aas) (Q2SDB1) |
| 3.A.1.133: The Peptide-6 Exporter (Pep6E) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.133.1 | The modified YydF* peptide exporter, YydIJ (Butcher et al., 2007) | Bacteria | YydIJ of Bacillus subtilis: YydI (C) (Q45593) YydJ (M) (Q45592) |
| 3.A.1.133.2 | A 6TMS homologue of YydJ (ORF1) of 280aas | Bacteria | ORF1 of Flavobacteria bacterium BBFL7 (Q26C21) |
| 3.A.1.134: The Peptide-7 Exporter (Pep7E) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.134.1 | The lantibiotic, salivericin A exporter, SalXY | Gram-positive bacteria | SalXY of Streptococcus salivarius SalX (C) SalY (M) |
| 3.A.1.134.2 | The bacitracin-resistance (putative bacitracin exporter), MbrAB. Participate with BreSR to control its own gene expression (Bernard et al., 2007). | Gram-positive bacteria | MbrAB of Streptococcus mutans MbrA (C) MbrB (M) |
| 3.A.1.134.3 | The bacitracin exporter, BceAB (Ohki et al., 2003) | Gram-positive bacteria | BceAB (YtsCD) of Bacillus subtilis
BceA (C) CAB15016 BceB (M) CAB15015 |
| 3.A.1.134.4 | The bacitracin/vancoresmycin (a tetramic acid antibiotic) resistance exporter (Becker et al. 2009) (most like 3.A.1.134.2) | Firmicutes | SPR0812/SPR0813 of Streptococcus pnenmoiae SPR0812(C)(Q8DQ77) SPR0813 (M)(Q8DQ76) |
| 3.A.1.135: The Drug Exporter-4 (DrugE4) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.135.1 | The heterodimeric multidrug exporter, YdaG/YbdA [YdaG most closely resembles LmrA (27% I), but YdbA most closely resembles MsbA (3.A.1.106.1) (29% I).] (Both proteins are ABC half transporters; only the heterodimer is active; ethidium, daunomycin and BCECF-AM are substrates; Lubelski et al., 2004) These proteins have been renamed LmrC and LmrD (Lubelski et al., 2006) | Gram-positive bacteria | YdaG/YdbA of Lactococcus lactis
YdaG (M-C) (AAK04408) YdbA (M-C) (AAK04409) |
| 3.A.1.135.2 | The heterodimeric putative multidrug exporter, RscA/RscB; probably orthologous to YdaG/YbdA (TC #3.A.1.117.4) [Transcription is activated by stress conditions (heat, acid) and repressed by a 2-component system, CovRS (Dalton et al., 2006)] | Gram-positive bacteria | RscAB of Streptococcus pyogenes
RscA (M-C) (568 aas) (Q9A1K5) RscB (M-C) (594 aas) (Q9A1K4) |
| 3.A.1.136: The Uncharacterized ABC-3-type (U-ABC3-1) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.136.1 | Putative ABC3 permease complex U-ABC3-1a (403aas; 4TMSs:1+3) | Bacteria | U-ABC3-1a of Treponema denticola (M) (Q73MJ0) |
| 3.A.1.136.2 | Putative ABC3-type antimicrobial peptide transporter, fused ATPase-porter protein, U-ABC3-1b (667aas; 4TMSs:1+3) | Bacteria | U-ABC3-1b of Lactobacillus brevis (CM) (Q03RZ6) |
| 3.A.1.137: The Uncharacterized ABC-3-type (U-ABC3-2) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.137.1 | Putative ABC-3-type permease complex, ABC3-2a | Archaea | ABC3-2a of Pyrobaculum calidifontis: ABC3-2a (M) (A3MWP2) ABC3-2a (C) (A3MWP1) |
| 3.A.1.138: The Unknown ABC-2-type (ABC2-1) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.138.1 | Unknown ABC-2 transporter complex-1, U-ABC2-TC-1 | Archaea | U-ABC2-TC-1 of Picrophilus torridus: U-ABC2-TC-1a (M) (Q6KYW9) U-ABC2-TC-1a (C) (Q6KYW8) |
| 3.A.1.139: The UDP-Glucose Exporter (U-GlcE) Family (UPF0014 Family) | |||
| 3.A.1.139.1 | UDP-glucose exporter, STAR1/STAR2 (sensitive to aluminum rhizotoxicity) (Probable Type I topology) | Plants | STAR1/STAR2 of Oryza sativa STAR1 (C) (Q5Z8H2) STAR2 (M) (Q5W7C1) |
| 3.A.1.139.2 | The YbbM protein (SwissProt family UDF0014; 7 putative TMSs) | Bacteria | YbbM of E. coli (P77307) |
| 3.A.1.140: The FtsX/FtsE Septation (FtsX/FtsE) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.140.1 | The putative FtsX/FtsE ABC transporter (Arends et al., 2009) (FtsX is of the type III topology). | Bacteria | FtsX/FtsE of E. coli FtsX (P0AC31) FtsE (P0A9R7) |
| 3.A.1.141: The Ethyl Viologen Exporter (EVE) Family (DUF990 Family) | |||
| 3.A.1.141.1 | The ethyl (methyl; benzyl) viologen export pump, EvrABC (EvrB and EvrC of 6 TMSs are members of the large DUF990 superfamily (Prosecka et al., 2009); They appear to be of the ABC-2 topological type). | Bacteria | EvrABC of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 P73329 slr1910, ABC protein (EvrA) P74256 slr1174, membrane protein (EvrB) P74757 slr0610, membrane protein (EvrC) |
| 3.A.1.141.2 | ABC transporter of unknown specificity, AbcABC | Bacteria | AbcABC of Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis AbcA (M) (Q8R6Q6) AbcB (M) (Q8R6Q5) AbcC (C) (Q8R6Q4) |
| 3.A.1.142: The Glycolipid Flippase (G.L.Flippase) Family | |||
| 3.A.1.142.1 | Glycolipid translocase (floppase) Spr1816/Spr1817 (R.Hakenbeck, personal communication) | Firmicutes | Glycolipid flippase, Spr1816/Spr1817, of Streptococcus pneumoniae Spr1816 (M) (Q8DNC0) Spr1817 (C) (Q8DNB9) |
| 3.A.1.201: The Multidrug Resistance Exporter (MDR) Family (ABCB) | |||
| 3.A.1.201.1 | Broad specificity multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux pump (exports organic cations and amphiphilic compounds of unrelated chemical structure) (These include: anti-biotics, viral agents, cancer agents, hypertensives, depressants, histamines, emetics, and the protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Pgp also exports immunosuppressants, detergents, long-chain fatty acids, HIV protease inhibitors, synthetic tetramethylrosamine analogues, calcein M, etc.); peptide efflux pump; phospholipid (e.g., phosphatidyl serine), cholesterol and sterol flippase (also called ABCB1 and p-gp)) | Animals, fungi, bacteria | MDR1 of Homo sapiens |
| 3.A.1.201.2 | Bile salt export pump, BSEP or SPGP (associated with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis-2 (also called ABCB11) and benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (Kagawa et al., 2008)). Unconjugaged bile salts and glycine conjugates > taurine conjugates. | Animals | BSEP of Homo sapiens |
| 3.A.1.201.3 | Short chain fatty acid phosphatidylcholine translocase (phospholipid flippase), MDR3 (associated with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis-3). (Narrow drug specificity relative to MDR1. Exports digoxin, paclitaxel, vinblastin and bile acids.) (also called ABCB4) | Animals | MDR3 of Homo sapiens |
| 3.A.1.201.4 | The multidrug resistance/chloroquine resistance protein, Pfmdr1 | Protozoa | Pfmdr1 of Plasmodium falciparum (P13568) |
| 3.A.1.201.5 | Auxin efflux pump Pgp1 (MDR1) (regulated by Twd1, an FK506-binding protein immunophilin prolyl/peptidyl isomerase; 8.A.11.1.1 (Bouchard et al., 2006)) | Plants | Pgp1 of Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9ZR72) |
| 3.A.1.201.6 | Auxin efflux pump Pgp19 (MDR11) (regulated by Twd1, an FK506-binding protein immunophilin prolyl/peptidyl isomerase; 8.A.11.1.1 (Bouchard et al., 2006)) | Plants | Pgp19 of Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9LJX2) |
| 3.A.1.201.7 | Auxin efflux pump Pgp4; functions in the basipetal redirection of auxin from the root tip. Strongly expressed in root cap and epidermal cells (Terasaka et al., 2005) | Plants | Pgp4 of Arabidopsis thaliana (MCMC) O80725 |
| 3.A.1.201.8 | The aluminum chelate (aluminum sensitivity (ALS1)) protein; expressed in root vacuoles half-type ABC transporter (not induced by aluminum; Larsen et al., 2007). | Plants | ALS1 (M-C) of Arabidopsis thaliana (Q0WML0) |
| 3.A.1.201.9 | Marine skate liver bile salt exporter, BSEP (1348 aas) (transports taurocholine in an ATP-dependent fashion (Cai et al., 2001)) (Most similar to 3.A.1.201.2) | Animals | BSEP of Raja erinacea (MC MC) (Q90Z35) |
| 3.A.1.201.10 | Mussel ABCB/p-glycoprotein-like transporter (1311aas). Transports verapamil, pentachlorphenol, vinblastine, trifluoperazine, emetine, quinidine, forskolin, cyclosporin, and PSC833 compounds that block efflux of fluorescent dye substrates from the gills (T. Luckenbach & D. Epel, 2008). | Eukaryotes | ABCB-like transporter of Mytilus californianus (ABS83556) |
| 3.A.1.202: The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Exporter (CFTR) Family (ABCC) | |||
| 3.A.1.202.1 | Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)(also called ABCC7); cyclic AMP-dependent chloride channel; also catalyzes nucleotide (ATP-ADP)-dependent glutathione and glutathione-conjugate flux (Kogan et al., 2003) (may also activate inward rectifying K+ channels). The underlying mechanism by which ATP hydrolysis controls channel opening is described by Gadsby et al., 2006. The most common cause of cystic fibrosis (CF) is defective folding of a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutant lacking Phe508 (DeltaF508)(Riordan, 2008). The DeltaF508 protein appears to be trapped in a prefolded state with incomplete packing of the transmembrane segments, a defect that can be repaired by direct interaction with correctors such as corr-4a, VRT-325, and VRT-532 (Wang et al., 2007). CFTR interacts directly with MRP4 (3.A.1.208.7) to control Cl- secretion (Li et al., 2007). It has intrinsic adenylate kinase activity that may be of functional importance (Randak and Welsh, 2007). The intact CFTR protein mediates ATPase rather than adenylate kinase activity (Ramjeesingh et al., 2008). Regulated by Na+/H+ exchange regulatory cofactors (NHERF; O14745; TC #8.A.24.1.1) (Seidler et al., 2009). Regulated by protein kinase A and C phosphorylation (Csanády et al., 2010). It is also activated by membrane stretch induced by negative pressures (Zhang et al., 2010). | Animals | CFTR of Homo sapiens |
| 3.A.1.203: The Peroxysomal Fatty Acyl CoA Transporter (P-FAT) Family (ABCD) | |||
| 3.A.1.203.1 | Peroxysomal long chain fatty acyl (LCFA) transporter associated with Zellweger Syndrome | Animals | PMP70 of Homo sapiens |
| 3.A.1.203.2 | Peroxysomal long chain fatty acyl (LCFA) Coenzyme A import porter | Yeast | Pat1 (758-870 aas; 5 TMSs)/Pat2 (853 aas; 4 TMSs) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| 3.A.1.203.3 | The peroxysomal long chain fatty acid (LCFA) half transporter, ABCD1 (ALD, the adrenoleukodystrophy protein) (functions as a homodimer and accepts acyl-CoA esters (van Roermund et al. 2008)). | Animals | LCFA transporter of Homo sapiens |
| 3.A.1.203.4 | The BacA (Rv1819c) porter (selective bleomycin and antimicrobial peptides) (essential for maintenance of extended chronic infection) (Domenech et al., 2009). | Actinobacteria | BacA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Q50614) |
| 3.A.1.203.5 | Peroxisomal importer, Comatose, of substrates for β-oxidation (transports precursors 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid (2,4-DB) and indole butyric acid (IBA) (Dietrich et al., 2009)). | Plants | Comatose of Arabidopsis thaliana (Q94FB9) |
| 3.A.1.204: The Eye Pigment Precursor Transporter (EPP) Family (ABCG) | |||
| 3.A.1.204.1 | Eye pigment precursor transporter | Animals, yeast | White of Drosophila melanogaster |
| 3.A.1.204.2 | Drug resistance transporter, ABCG2 (MXR; ABCP) (human breast cancer resistance protein). It exports haem in haempoietic cells (Latunde-Dada et al., 2006) as well as cytotoxic agents (mitoxantrone, flavopiridol, methotrexate, 7-hydroxymethotrexate, methotrexate diglutamate, topotecan, and resveratrol), fluorescent dyes (Hoechst 33342) and other toxic substances (PhIP and pheophorbide a) (Özvegy-Laczka et al., 2005). It also transports folate and sterols: estradiol, and probably cholesterol, progesterone, testosterone and tamoxifen (Janvilisri et al., 2003; Breedveld et al., 2007). It is a homotetramer (Xu et al., 2004). It forms a homodimer bound via a disulfide bond at Cys-603 which stabilizes the protein against ubiquitin-mediated degradation in proteosomes (Wakabayashi et al., 2007). It has 6 established TMSs with the N- and C- termini inside (Wang et al., 2008). Also called breast cancer resistance protein, BCRP (ABCG) (MDR pump) (exports from human breast cancer cell line MCF-7: miloxantrone, daunorubicin, doxorubicin and rhodamine123). Also transports reduced folates as well as mono-, di- and tri-glutamate derivatives of folic acid and methotrexate (Assaraf et al., 2006). | Animals, yeast | ABCG2 (ABCP) of Homo sapiens (Q9UNQ0) |
| 3.A.1.204.3 | Putative ABC Transporter WHT-1 | Worm | WHT-1 of Caenorhabditis elegans (Q11180) |
| 3.A.1.204.4 | The plant cuticular wax exporter, CER5 (in the plasma membrane of epidermal cells; secretes wax to the plant surface) (Pighin et al., 2004) | Plants | CER5 (C-M) of Arabidopsis thaliana (AAU44368) |
| 3.A.1.204.5 | The ABCG5 (sterolin-1)/ABCG8 (sterolin-2) heterodimeric neutral sterol (cholesterol and plant sterols) (e.g., sitosterol) (phosphoryl donors ATP > CTP > GTP > UTP) exporter; present in the apical membranes of enterocytes and hepatocytes. Cholesteryl oleate, phosphatidyl choline and enantiomeric cholesterol are poorly transported (mutation of either ABCG5 or ABCG8 cause sitosterolemia and coronary atherosclerosis) (Zhang et al., 2006; Wang et al., 2006) | Animals | ABCG5/ABCG8 of Homo sapiens ABCG5 (Q9H222) ABCG8 (Q9H221) |
| 3.A.1.204.6 | The efflux porter for phosphatidylcholine and its analogues as well as toxic alkyl phospholipids, ABCG4 (Castanys-Munoz et al., 2007) | Protozoa | ABCG4 of Leishmania infantum (A4HWI7) |
| 3.A.1.204.7 | Multidrug resistance efflux pump, AbcG6, causes camptothecin-resistant parasites (Bosedasgupta et al., 2008) | Eukaryota | AbcG6 of Leishmania donovani (A8WEV1) |
| 3.A.1.204.8 | The epidermal plasma membrane cuticular lipid (wax) exporter, ABCG11 (wbc11); may interact with CER5 (Bird et al., 2007). | Plants | ABCG11 of Arabidopsis thaliana (Q8RXN0) |
| 3.A.1.205: The Pleiotropic Drug Resistance (PDR) Family (ABCG) | |||
| 3.A.1.205.1 | Pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) exporter; steroid exporter; sporidesmin toxicity suppressor (Sts1); MDR; cyclic nucleotide exporter; amphipathic anion exporter. Its ATPase activity is inhibited by its substrate, clotrimazole; can use ATP, GTP and maybe UTP to drive efflux (Golin et al., 2007). | Yeast | Pdr5 (Sts1; Ydr1) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P33302) |
| 3.A.1.205.2 | Drug/Sterol/Mutagen exporter, Snq2p | Yeast | Snq2p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P32568) |
| 3.A.1.205.3 | Weak acid exporter, Pdr12p (exports preservative anions including propionate, sorbate and benzoate) (Mollapour et al., 2008) | Yeast | Pdr12p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Q02785) |
| 3.A.1.205.4 | Multidrug resistance protein, Cdr1 (confers resistance to cycloheximide and antifungal agents such as azoles and terbinafine) (Holmes et al., 2006; Schuetzer-Muehlbauer et al., 2003); also, transports phospholipids (Shukla et al., 2007). It is the major fluconazole efflux system in fluconazole-resistant C. albicans (Holmes et al., 2008; Basso et al., 2010). | Yeast | Cdr1 of Candida albicans (P43071) |
| 3.A.1.205.5 | Multidrug resistance protein, Cdr2 (confers resistance to azole and other antifungal agents/terbinafine, amorolfine, aspofungin, etc. as well as a variety of metabolic inhibitors) (Schuetzer-Muehlbauer et al., 2003; Basso et al., 2010). | Yeast | Cdr2 of Candida albicans (P78595) |
| 3.A.1.205.6 | Multidrug resistance protein, CnAFR1 (confers resistance to azole antifungal drugs including fluconazole) (Posteraro et al., 2003) | Fungi | CnAFR1 of Cryptococcus neoformans (Q8X0Z3) |
| 3.A.1.205.7 | The multidrug resistance protein, AtrB (confers resistance to all major classes of fungicides as well as natural toxic compounds substrates include: anilinopyrimidine, benzimidazole, phenylpyrrole, phenylpyridylamine, strobirulin, azoles, dicarboximides, quintozene, acriflavin, and rhodamine 6G as well as natural toxins such as camptothecin (an alkaloid) and the stilbene phytoalexin, resveratrol) (Andrade et al., 2000). | Fungi | AtrB of Aspergillus nidulans (P78577) |
| 3.A.1.205.8 | The multidrug resistance protein, Pdr11p, mediates sterol uptake by promoting movement of sterols from the plasma membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum where esterification occurs (Li and Prinz, 2004). | Yeast | Pdr11p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P40550) |
| 3.A.1.205.9 | The plasma membrane Cd2+/Pb2+ efflux pump (heavy metal resistance pump), PDR8 (present in root hair and epidermal cells; it may export a broad range of substrates) (Kim et al., 2007) | Plants | PDR8 of Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9XIE2) |
| 3.A.1.205.10 | Pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) exporter, PDR12 (function as a pump to exclude Pb2+ ions and/or Pb2+- containing toxin compounds) (Lee et al., 2005) | Plants | PDR12 of Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9M9E1) |
| 3.A.1.205.11 | The brefeldin resistance protein, Bfr1, (also exports actinomycin D, cerulenin, and cytochalasin B) (Turi and Rose, 1995; Nagao et al., 1995). | Yeast | Bfr1 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe (P41820) |
| 3.A.1.205.12 | The plasma membrane Pdr10, a negative regulator for incorporation of Pdr12 (TC# 3.A.1.205.3) into detergent-resistant membranes, a novel role for members of the ABC transporter superfamily (Rockwell et al., 2009) (most like 3.A.1.205.1; 67% identity). | Yeast | PDR10 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P51533) |
| 3.A.1.206: The a-Factor Sex Pheromone Exporter (STE) Family (ABCB) | |||
| 3.A.1.206.1 | a-Factor sex pheromone exporter (Ste6) | Yeast | Ste6 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| 3.A.1.207: The Eukaryotic ABC3 (E-ABC3) Family | |||
| (functions unknown; ABC-type ATPases have not been identified.) | |||
| 3.A.1.207.1 | The hypothetical protein, HP (1209aas; 10TMSs:1+6+3; 2-4 are homologous to 8-10; the FtsX domain) (P. tetraurelia has at least 5 paralogues.) | Ciliates | HP of Paramecium tetraurelia (M) (A0ECD9) |
| 3.A.1.207.2 | Putative permeases; Duf214 protein (1234aas; 10TMSs: 1+6+3; 2-4 are homologous to 8-10 (the FtsX domain)) | Ciliates | Putative permease of Tetrahymena thermophila (M) (Q22NS1) |
| 3.A.1.207.3 | Hypothetical protein, HP (1465aas; 8TMSs:1+6+1) (D. discoideum has several paralogues) | Slime mold | HP of Dictyostelium discoideum (M) - Q8ST07 |
| 3.A.1.207.4 | Hypothetical protein, HP, 1129aas (homologous are found in many unicellular eukaryotes) | Amoeba | HP of Entamoeba histolytica (M) (C4LT38) |
| 3.A.1.208: The Drug Conjugate Transporter (DCT) Family (ABCC) | |||
| 3.A.1.208.1 | Multi-drug resistance-associated protein, MRP1-like protein (MLP1 or MRP1) (Exporter of leukotrienes, glutathione and cysteinyl conjugates of organic anions, drugs, unmodified hydrophobic xenobiotics and hydrophilic conjugated endobiotics). Vincristine and glutathione are co-transported. MRP1 catalyzes export of glutathione during apoptosis (Hammond et al., 2007). Also transports reduced folates as well as mono-, di- and tri-glutamate derivatives of folic acid and methotrexate (Assaraf et al., 2006). | Animals | MRP1 of Rattus norvegicus (O88269) |
| 3.A.1.208.2 | Hepatic canalicular conjugate exporter (the Dubin-Johnson Syndrome protein) (transports bilirubin glucuronides; E2 17 β glucuronide, dianionic bile salts such as taurocholate, taurochenodeoxycholate sulfate and taurolithocholate sulfate; reduced glutathione; glutathione conjugates; cysteinyl leukotrienes; arsenic-glutathione complexes and glutathione disulfide; also exports anthracyclines, epipodophyllotosine, Vinca alkaloids, cisplatin, methotrexate, and the protease inhibitor, lopinavir) (also called ABCC2) | Animals | cMRP (MRP2; cMOAT) of Homo sapiens (Q92887) |
| 3.A.1.208.3 | Oligomycin-resistance protein YOR1 in plasma membrane (confers resistance to oligomycin, rhodamine B, tetracycline, verapamil, eosin Y and ethidium bromide; Grigoras et al., 2007)). | Yeast | YOR1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P53049) |
| 3.A.1.208.4 | SUR1 sulfonylurea receptor; subunit and regulator of α-cell ATP-sensitive K+ channel (TC #1.A.2); determines ATP sensitivity; no inherent transport function known; associated with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy due to focal adenomatous hyperplasia (also called ABCC8). Gain-of-function mutations in the genes encoding the ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel subunits Kir6.2 (KCNJ11) and SUR1 (ABCC8) cause neonatal diabetes mellitus. Because mutant channels are inhibited less strongly by MgATP, this increases K(ATP) currents in pancreatic beta cells, thus reducing insulin secretion and producing diabetes (de Wet et al., 2007). | Animals | SUR1 of Homo sapiens (Q09428) |
| 3.A.1.208.5 | Vacuolar multidrug resistance efflux pump, AtMRP2 (catalyzes vacuolar uptake of glutathione conjugates (i.e., 2,4-dinitrophenyl-GS), glucuronide conjugates (i.e., 17 β-estradiol 17(β-D-glucuronide), and reduced glutathione). Also exports the herbicide, 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene, and chlorophyll degradation catabolites (Frelet-Barrand et al., 2008). | Plants | AtMRP2 of Arabidopsis thaliana (O64590) |
| 3.A.1.208.6 | Metal-thiol conjugate exporter, PgpA; glutathione and trypanothione conjugates are exported; confers arsenite and antimonite resistance (trypanothione is glutathione-spermidine). | Protozoa | PgpA of Leishmania tarentolae (P21441) |
| 3.A.1.208.7 | MRP4 (exporter of cyclic nucleotides (cAMP, cGMP)and other nucleotide analogues), purine analogues, methotrexate, bile acids, prostaglandins E1 and E2, reduced folates, 9(2-phosphonylmethyoxyethyl)adenine, leukotrienes, estradiol 17-β-D-glucuronide) and drug sulfate conjugates (inhibited by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (Reid et al., 2003; Rius et al., 2008)). When overexpressed, it can lower the intracellular concentration of nucleoside/nucleotide analogs, such as the antiviral compounds PMEA (9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine) or ganciclovir, and of anticancer nucleobase analogs, such as 6-mercaptopurine, after their conversion into the respective nucleotides. MRP4 interacts directly with CFTR (3.A.1.202.1) to control Cl- secretion (Li et al., 2007). Thus, MRP4 is a broad specificity organic anion exporter (Ritter et al., 2005). | Animals | MRP4 (MOAT-B) of Homo sapiens (O15439) |
| 3.A.1.208.8 | Drug resistance pump; ABCC1 (MRP1), exports chemotherapeutic agents, organic anions such as leukotriene C4 (LTC4), 17-β-estradiol 17-β-D-glucuronide, glucuronide-X (E217βG, etoposide-glucuronide), estrone-3-sulfate, folic acid and methotrexate, arsenic triglutathione, arsenic and antimonial oxyanians, glutathione (GSH), GSSG, glutathione conjugates (GSH-X; LTC4, DNP-SG, EA-SG, NEH-SG), sulfate-X (E1S, DHEAS), HIV protease inhibitors, anthracyclines, epipodophyllotoxins, and Vinca alkaloids. Changing charged residues in TMS6 (K332, H335 and D336) gave rise to specific changes in specificity (Chen et al., 2006; Haimeur et al., 2002; Leslie et al., 2004) | Animals | MRP1 of Homo sapiens (P33527) |
| 3.A.1.208.9 | Canicular multispecific organic anion transporter, MRP3 (also called ABCC3) (most similar in sequence to MRP2). MRP3 exports epipodophyllotoxins, etoposide and teniposide, estradiol 17-β-D-glucuronide, leukotriene C4, dinitrophenyl S-glutathione, epoposide glucuronide, methotrexate, bilirubin-glucuronides, bile acids, GSH-X (LTC4, DNP-SG) and sulfate-X (taurolithocholate-3-sulfate). | Animals | MRP3 of Homo sapiens (O15438) |
| 3.A.1.208.10 | Multidrug (anthracycline) resistance organic anion efflux pump (ABC-C6; MRP6; MOAT-E - the pseudoxanthoma elasticum disease protein) exports glutathione conjugates including lencotriene C4, DNP, and N-ethylmaleimide S-glutathione; also exports anthracyclines, epipodophyllotoxins, cisplatin, and probably exports probenecid, benzbromarone and indomethacin. | Animals | ABCC6 (MRP6) of Homo sapiens (O95255) |
| 3.A.1.208.11 | Vacuolar metal resistance and drug detoxification protein, yeast cadmium factor (YCF1); transports cadmium-glutathione conjugates, glutathione S-conjugated leucotriene C4, organic glutathione S-conjugates, unconjugated bilirubin and reduced glutathione | Yeast | YCF1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P39109) |
| 3.A.1.208.12 | Bile acid transporter, BAT1 (in vacuoles) | Yeast | BAT1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P32386) |
| 3.A.1.208.13 | Cyclic nucleotide (cAMP and cGMP) efflux pump, MRP8 (ABCC11); also exports other nucleoside and nucleotide analogues, and confers resistance to fluoropyrimidines and the anti-AIDS drug, 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (Guo et al., 2003). Human earwax consists of wet and dry types. Dry earwax is frequent in East Asians, whereas wet earwax is common in other populations. A SNP, 538G --> A (rs17822931), in the ABCC11 gene is responsible for determination of earwax type. Cells with allele A show a lower excretory activity for cGMP than those with allele G. The 538G --> A SNP is the first example of DNA polymorphism determining a visible genetic trait (Yoshiura et al., 2006). | Animals | MRP8 (ABCC11) of Homo sapiens (Q9BX80) |
| 3.A.1.208.14 | The vacuole (tonoplast) ZmMrp3 anthocyanin pigment transporter (ABCF) (Goodman et al., 2004) | Plants | ZmMrp3 of Zea mays ZmMrp3 (MC-MC) (Q6J0P5) |
| 3.A.1.208.15 | The general organic anion exporter, MRP5 (MOATC). It exports cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, 5'-FUMP, glutathione and glutathione conjugates and antimonial tartrate). Also transports reduced folates as well as mono-, di- and tri-glutamate derivatives of folic acid and methotrexate (Assaraf et al., 2006). When overexpressed, it can lower the intracellular concentration of nucleoside/nucleotide analogs, such as the antiviral compounds PMEA (9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine) or ganciclovir, and of anticancer nucleobase analogs, such as 6-mercaptopurine, after their conversion into the respective nucleotides (Ritter et al., 2005). | Animals | MRP5 of Homo sapiens (O15440) |
| 3.A.1.208.16 | The vacuolar Abc2p (SPAC3F10.11c) transporter for xenobiotics, glutathione S-conjugates and monochlorobimane (Iwaki et al., 2006) | Yeast | Abc2p of Schizosaccharomyces pombe (MCMC; 1478 aas) (Q10185) |
| 3.A.1.208.17 | The vacuolar glutathione-conjugate and chlorophyll catabolite transporter, MRP3 (Tommasini et al., 1998) | Plants | MRP3 of Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9LK64) |
| 3.A.1.208.18 | Vacuolar glutathione conjugate, glutathione exporter; mediates cadmium detoxification and ade2 pigmentation in vivo (Sharma et al., 2002). (Most similar to Ycf1 of S. cerevisiae (TC# 3.A.1.208.11; 41% identity)) | Plants | Bpt1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P14772) |
| 3.A.1.208.19 | Mussel ABCC/MRP-like transporter, MdlB (1498aas). Transports verapamil, pentachlorphenol, vinblastine, trifluoperazine, emetine, quinidine, forskolin, cyclosporin, and PSC833 compounds that block efflux of fluorescent dye substrates from the gills (Luckenbach and Epel, 2008). | Eukaryotes | ABCC-like transporter of Mytilus californianus (ABS83557) |
| 3.A.1.208.20 | The possible HCO3- transporter, HLA3 (Duanmu et al., 2009). | Algae | HLA3 of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (A8I268) |
| 3.A.1.208.21 | The vacuolar MRP1 (sequesters in the vacuole glutathione conjugates, folate mono-glutamates (pteroyl-1-glutamate) and antifolates (methotrexate); (Raichaudhuri et al. 2009) (86% identical to MRP2 (3.A.1.208.5)) | Plants | MRP1 of Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9C8G9) |
| 3.A.1.208.22 | The thale cress protein ATMRP5 (ATABCC5), a high-affinity inositol hexakisphosphate transporter; involved in guard cell signaling and phytate storage (Nagy et al., 2009). | Plants | MRP5/ABCC5 of Arabidopsis thaliana (Q7GB25) |
| 3.A.1.209: The MHC Peptide Transporter (TAP) Family (ABCB) | |||
| 3.A.1.209.1 | MHC heterodimeric peptide exporter (TAP) (from cytoplasm to the endoplasmic reticulum) (TAP1=ABCB2; TAP2=ABCB3) (defects in TAP1 or TAP2 cause immunodeficiency) (TAP1/TAP2 is stabilized by tapasin isoforms 1, 2 and 3) (Raghuraman et al., 2002). TAP1 has 10 TMSs, 4 unique N-terminal TMSs and 6 TMSs that form the translocation pore with N- and C-termini in the cytosol (Schrodt et al., 2006). The TAP2 nucleotide binding site appears to be the main catalytic active site driving transport suggesting asymmetry in the transporter (Perria et al., 2006). The TAP complex shows strict coupling between peptide binding and ATP hydrolysis, revealing no basal ATPase activity in the absence of peptides (Herget et al., 2009). | Animals, yeast | TAP1/TAP2 of Homo sapiens |
| 3.A.1.209.2 | The lysosomal ABC B9 (TAPL) polypeptide transporter with broad length specificity and preference for positively charged peptides (Zhao et al., 2008) (takes up peptides into lysosomes of dendritic cells and macrophages; induced during differentiation from monocytes (Demirel et al., 2007). | TAPL of Homo sapiens (Q9NP78) | |
| 3.A.1.210: The Heavy Metal Transporter (HMT) Family (ABCB) | |||
| 3.A.1.210.1 | The putative mitochondrial iron transporter, ATM1 (possibly specific for iron-sulfur clusters) | Yeast; animals, protozoa bacteria | ATM1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| 3.A.1.210.2 | The vacuolar heavy metal tolerance protein precursor, HMT1 (transports phytochelins and Cd2+·phytochelin complexes) (Prévéral et al., 2009). | Yeast; animals, protozoa bacteria | HMT1 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe |
| 3.A.1.210.3 | The ABC transporter homologue | Yeast; animals, protozoa bacteria | ABC transporter homologue in Rickettsia prowazekii |
| 3.A.1.210.4 | ABC7 iron transporter (X-linked sideroblastis anemia protein) (also called ABCB7) | Yeast; animals, protozoa bacteria | ABC7 iron transporter of Homo sapiens
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| 3.A.1.210.5 | Multidrug resistance homologues, Pfmdr2, protein | Yeast; animals, protozoa bacteria | Pfmdr2 protein of Plasmodium falciparum |
| 3.A.1.210.6 | Mitochondrial outer membrane anionic porphyrin uptake half ABC transporter, ABCB6 (expressed in many mammalian tissues including fetal liver) in response to intracellular porphyrin; porphyrin uptake activates de novo porphyrin (haem) biosynthesis (Krishnamurthy et al., 2006). | Animals | ABCB6 of Homo sapiens (Q9NP58; 842 aas) |
| 3.A.1.210.7 | The heavy metal tolerance protein, CeHMT-1 (exports phytochelatin (γ(Glu-Cys)n)-Cd2+ complexes) (Vatamaniuk et al., 2005) | Animals | CeHMT-1 of Caenorhabditis elegans (AAM33380) |
| 3.A.1.210.8 | Mitochondrial ABC transporter, ATM3 involved in iron homeostasis. There are three isoforms ATM1, ATM2 and ATM3 (Chen et al., 2007). ATM3 can replace the yeast iron/sulfur cluster exporter better than ATM1 or ATM2. It is most similar to the human and yeast homologues, TC# 3.A.1.210.4 and 3.A.1.210.1, 51% and 47% identical, respectively. | Plants | ATM3 of Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9LVM1) |
| 3.A.1.210.9 | The Ni2+/Co2+ exporter AtmA (Mikolay and Nies, 2009). | Bacteria | AmA of Cuperiavidus metallidurans (Q1LRE9). |
| 3.A.1.211: The Cholesterol/Phospholipid/Retinal (CPR) Flippase Family (ABCA) | |||
| 3.A.1.211.1 | The cholesterol/phospholipid flippase, ABC1 (called ABCA1 in humans; Tangier disease proteins; 2261 aas; sp: O95477). An amphipathic helical region of the N-terminal barrel of the phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) is critical for ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux (Oram et al., 2008). PLTP helix 144-163 removes lipid domains formed by ABCA1, stabilizing ABCA1, interacting with phospholipids, and promoting phospholipid transfer by direct interactions with ABCA1. May transport sphingosine-1-phosphate (Kobayashi et al., 2009). May protect from cardiovascular disease and diabetes (Tang and Oram, 2009). | Animals and plants | ABC1 of Mus musculus |
| 3.A.1.211.2 | The retinal-specific ABC transporter (RIM protein, ABCR or ABCA4) (Stargardt's disease protein, involved in retinal/macular degeneration) in the rod outer segment. May flip retinal, or more likely, N-retinylidene-phosphatidylethanolamine, a product generated from the photobleaching of rhodopsin, from the lumen to the cytoplasmic side of disc membranes following the photobleaching of rhodopsin, insuring that retinoids do not accumulate in disc membranes (Molday, 2007; Molday et al. 2009) | Animals | RIM protein (ABCR) of Homo sapiens |
| 3.A.1.211.3 | Multidrug resistance pump, ABCA2 (ABC2) | Animals | ABCA2 of Homo sapiens
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| 3.A.1.211.4 | The aced cell death 7 (ced-7) protein (translocates molecules that mediate adhesion between dying and engulfing embryonic cells during programmed death). | Animals | Ced-7 of Caenorhabditis elegans (P34358) |
| 3.A.1.211.5 | The surfactant-secreting porter, ABCA3 (exports lipids and proteins into lamellar bodies). Fatal surfactant deficiency (FSD) can result from mutations in ABCA3, causing abnormal intracellular localization (type I) or decreased ATP hydrolysis (type II). ABCA3 is found in lamellar bodies of lung alveolar type II cells where it probably secretes surfactants (mixture of lipids; e.g., PC) and proteins (e.g., surfactant proteins A, B, C and D) stored in lamellar bodies and exocytosed (Matsumura et al., 2006). ABCA3 plays an essential role in pulmonary surfactant lipid metabolism and lamellar body biogenesis, probably by transporting these lipids as substrates (Ban et al., 2007). Cheong et al., 2007 have shown that ABCA3 is critical for lamellar body biogenesis in mice. They suggest it functions in surfactant-protein B processing and lung development late in gestation. | Animals | ABCA3 of Homo sapiens (Q99758) |
| 3.A.1.211.6 | Xenobiotic transporter, ABCA8 (transports estradiol-β-glucuronide, taurocholate, LTC4, para-amino-hippurate and ochratoxin-A (Tsuruoka et al., 2002) | Animals | ABCA8 of Homo sapiens (O94911) |
| 3.A.1.211.7 | Half sized ABCA exporter, AbcA | Amoeba | AbcA of Dictyostelium discoideum M-C 655 aas; (Q94479) |
| 3.A.1.212: The Mitochondrial Peptide Exporter (MPE) Family (ABCB) | |||
| 3.A.1.212.1 | The mitochondrial peptide exporter, Mdl1p (exports peptides of 6-21 amino acyl residues from the mitochondrial matrix as well as degradation products of misassembled respiratory chain complexes) (Janas et al., 2003; van der Does et al., 2006; Gompf et al., 2007). A leaderless Mdl1p targets to the ER membrane instead of to the mitochondria (Gompf et al., 2007). | Yeast | Mdl1p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P33310) |
| 3.A.1.212.2 | ABC mitochondrial peptide/MDR half transporter, MdlB. High copy number suppressor of ATM1 [iron-sulfur cluster transporter (3.A.1.210.1)] | Bacteria | Md1B of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (M-C) (P33311) |
