3.A.2.1.15
Reversible mitochondrial H⁺-transporting ATPase/ATP synthase or F-type ATPase with about 20 subunits. The 3-d structure is known (Kühlbrandt 2019). The rotatory movement of the ATP synthase might modify the mechanical properties of lipid bilayers and contribute to the formation and regulation of the membrane invaginations (Almendro-Vedia et al. 2021). Mutations in the α-subunit (MT-ATP6) are a frequent cause of adult-onset spinocerebellar ataxia (Nolte et al. 2021). The function of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell migration and invasion involves ectopic ATP5B (Dong et al. 2021). Mitochondrial ATP synthase is a direct molecular target of chromium(III) to ameliorate hyperglycaemia stress (Wang et al. 2023). Kidney tubular mitochondrial ATP synthase dysfunction plays a role in maleic acid-induced acute kidney injury (Lin et al. 2024). The metabolic protein ATP5MF (subunit f) plays a crucial role in the non-BRCA1/2 mutation triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells (Chen et al. 2024) The subunits together with their various abbreiviations and UniProt accession numbers are provided below:
1. Subunit α, 553 aas, ATP1, ATP5F1A, ATP5A, ATP5A1 ATP5AL2, ATPM (P25705)
2. Subunit β, 520 aas, ATP2, ATPB5, ATP5F1B, ATPMB, ATP5B (P06576)
3. Subunit γ, 298 aas, ATP3, ATP5C, ATP5C1, ATP5CL1 (P36542)
4. Subunit δ, 168 aas, ATP16, ATPδ, ATP5F1D,ATP5D (P30049)
5. Subunit ε, 106 aas, ATPase inhibitor, ATP15, ATPε, ATP5IF1, ATPI, ATPIF1, Inh1 (Q9UII2)
6. OSCP, 213 aas, ATP5, ATP5O, ATPO (P48047)
7. Subunit a, 226 aas, MT-ATP6, ATP6, ATPASE6, MTATP6 (P00846)
8. Subunit b, 256 aas, ATP5F1 ATP5PB, (P24539)
9. Subunit c1, 136 aas, ATP5MC1 (P05496)
10. Subunit c2, 141 aas, ATP5MC2 (Q06055)
11. Subunit c3, 142 aas, ATPS5MC3 (P48201)
12. Subunit d, 173 aas, ATP5H, ATP5PD (O75947)
13. Subunit e, 69 aas, ATP5I, ATP5K, ATP5ME (P56385)
14. Subunit f, 95 aas, ATP5J2. ATP5MF, ATP5JL (P56134)
15. Subunit g, 103 aas, ATP5L, ATP5L2, ATP5MG (O75964)
16. Subunit 8, 68 aas, MT-ATP8, ATPASE8, MAATP8 (P03928)
17. Subunit h, 108 aas, factor 6, ATP5J, SATP5J, ATPM, ATP5A (P18859)