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3.D.1.3.1
NADH Dehydrogenase, NDH (Baradaran et al. 2013).  The x-ray structures of various complexes have been solved, and a coupling mechanism involving long range conformational changes has been proposed (Sazanov et al. 2013). The complex includes 16 subunits with nine iron-sulfur clusters, reduced by electrons from NADH. Employing the latest crystal structure of T. thermophilus complex I, Gupta et al. 2020 used microsecond-scale molecular dynamics simulations to study the chemo-mechanical coupling between redox changes of the iron-sulfur clusters and conformational transitions across complex I. The simulations revealed the molecular design principles linking redox reactions to quinone turnover and proton translocation in complex I. Using a zebrafish model of TB infection, Roca et al. 2022 found that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induces reverse electron transport (RET) in mitochondrial complex I. This in turn drives the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS), causing macrophage necrosis. The complex I inhibitor metformin could be repurposed to inhibit TNF-induced mROS and necrosis in infected zebrafish and human macrophages, suggesting that this common antidiabetes drug may also be a useful adjunct therapy for TB (Roca et al. 2022).

Accession Number:Q56220
Protein Name:Nqo4
Length:409
Molecular Weight:46371.00
Species:Thermus thermophilus [300852]
Number of TMSs:1
Location1 / Topology2 / Orientation3: Cell membrane1 / Peripheral membrane protein2 / Cytoplasmic side3
Substrate hydron

Cross database links:

RefSeq: YP_143353.1   
Entrez Gene ID: 3168206   
Pfam: PF00346   
BioCyc: TTHE300852:TTHA0087-MONOMER   
KEGG: ttj:TTHA0087   

Gene Ontology

GO:0005886 C:plasma membrane
GO:0051287 F:NAD or NADH binding
GO:0050136 F:NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
GO:0048038 F:quinone binding
GO:0055114 P:oxidation reduction
GO:0019684 P:photosynthesis, light reaction
GO:0006810 P:transport

References (3)

[1] “The proton-translocating NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (NDH-1) of thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus HB-8. Complete DNA sequence of the gene cluster and thermostable properties of the expressed NQO2 subunit.”  Yano T.et.al.   9020134
[2] “Identification of a novel subunit of respiratory complex I from Thermus thermophilus.”  Hinchliffe P.et.al.   16584177
[3] “Structure of the hydrophilic domain of respiratory complex I from Thermus thermophilus.”  Sazanov L.A.et.al.   16469879
Structure:
2FUG   3I9V   3IAM   3IAS   2YBB   3M9S   4HEA   6I0D   6I1P   6Q8O   [...more]

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Predict TMSs (Predict number of transmembrane segments)
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FASTA formatted sequence
1:	MREEFLEEIP LDAPPEEAKE LRTEVMTLNV GPQHPSTHGV LRLMVTLSGE EVLEVVPHIG 
61:	YLHTGFEKTM EHRTYLQNIT YTPRMDYLHS FAHDLAYALA VEKLLGAVVP PRAETIRVIL 
121:	NELSRLASHL VFLGTGLLDL GALTPFFYAF RERETILDLF EWVTGQRFHH NYIRIGGVKE 
181:	DLPEEFVPEL KKLLEVLPHR IDEYEALFAE SPIFYERARG VGVIPPEVAI DLGLTGGSLR 
241:	ASGVNYDVRK AYPYSGYETY TFDVPLGERG DVFDRMLVRI REMRESVKII KQALERLEPG 
301:	PVRDPNPQIT PPPRHLLETS MEAVIYHFKH YTEGFHPPKG EVYVPTESAR GELGYYIVSD 
361:	GGSMPYRVKV RAPSFVNLQS LPYACKGEQV PDMVAIIASL DPVMGDVDR