1.A.9.3.7
Histamine-gated chloride channel 2 (HACl2) of 425 aas and 4 TMSs. HACls mediate fast inhibitory neurotransmission in invertebrate nervous systems and have important roles in light reception, color processing, temperature preference and light-dark cycles. The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda is a primary destructive pest of grain and row crops (Yin et al. 2021). Histamine (HA) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) activated inward currents when SfHACls were singly or collectively expressed with different ratios in Xenopus laevis oocytes. These channels were ~2000-fold more sensitive to HA than to GABA. They were anion-selective channels that were highly dependent on changes in external chloride concentrations, but insensitive to changes in external sodium concentrations. The insecticides abamectin (ABM) and emamectin benzoate (EB) also activated these channels (Yin et al. 2021).