1.C.98.1.3
Helicobacter pullorum cytolethal distending toxin, CdtB, of 274 aas, targets vinculin and cortactin and triggers formation of lamellipodia in intestinal epithelial cells (Varon et al. 2014).  CdtB also induced an atypical delocalization of vinculin from focal adhesions to the perinuclear region, formation of cortical actin-rich large lamellipodia with an upregulation of cortactin, and decreased cellular adherence. In conclusion, the CDT of H. pullorum is responsible for major cytopathogenic effects in vitro, confirming its role as a main virulence factor of this emerging human pathogen.