1.D.141. The Itraconazole/DMSO Pore-forming Complex (It/DM-P) Family
Itraconazole is a triazole drug widely used in the treatment of fungal infections. Itraconazole has pore-stabilizing effect in the presence of low concentrations of the organic solvent, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Itraconazole and DMSO facilitate pore formation by different mechanisms. Whereas itraconazole predominantly aids the formation of a partial defect with a locally thinned membrane, DMSO mainly stabilizes a transmembrane water needle by shielding it from the hydrophobic core. The two mechanisms act cooperatively upon adding both itraconazole and DMSO to the membrane (Kasparyan et al. 2020).
References associated with 1.D.141 family:
Kasparyan, G., C. Poojari, T. Róg, and J.S. Hub. (2020). Cooperative Effects of an Antifungal Moiety and DMSO on Pore Formation over Lipid Membranes Revealed by Free Energy Calculations. J Phys Chem B. [Epub: Ahead of Print] 32924486