1.D.175.  The Polyacrylonitrile Nanofiltration Membrane (PNFM) Family 

For tailoring the characteristics of polyacrylonitrile nanofiltration membranes for nickel removal from wastewater, the influence of binary solvents and pore-forming agentshave been evaluated (Ghahghaei et al. 2024).  The fabricated membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), porosimetry, tensile stress/strain, and flux and rejection. Results revealed that the use of an equal (1:1) mixture of n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and dimethylformamide (DMF) as dope solvents led to the formation of membranes with enhanced performance, offering pure water flux of 2.33 L·m^-2·h^-1·bar^-1 and Ni rejection of 90.84%. Moreover, the incorporation of 0.5 wt.% PEG as a pore-forming agent to the dope solution further boosted pure water flux to 4.97 L·m^-2·h^-1·bar^-1 with negligible impact on Ni rejection.