Search TCDB: (?)
TCDB is operated by the Saier Lab Bioinformatics Group
Format for Printing
View Proteins belonging to: The Phosphate Permease (Pho1) Family

2.A.94 The Phosphate Permease (Pho1) Family

Pho1 of A. thaliana (TC# 2.A.94.1.1) is a member of the PHO1 family (11 paralogues in A. thaliana). It functions in inorganic phosphate transport and homeostasis. Pho1 catalyzes efflux of phosphate from epidermal and cortical cells into the xylem (Quaghebeur and Rengel, 2004; Stefanovic et al., 2007). The SPX superfamily domain is an N-terminal soluble domain. These proteins belong to the EXS (Erd1/Xpr1/Syg1) superfamily. Recently it has been suggested that XPR1 is a  regulator of cellular phosphate homeostasis rather than a Pi exporter (Burns et al. 2024).

Erd1 (TC# 2.A.94.1.7) is a member of the Pho1 family and is of 362 aas possibly with 7 TMSs in a 1 + 2 + 3 + 1 TMS arrangement, where the first 3 TMSs are stronly hydrophobic, but the last 4 are only moderately hydrophobic. It is required for the retention of luminal endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi proteins and affects glycoprotein processing in the Golgi apparatus. Protein glycosylation in the Golgi is a sequential process that requires proper distribution of transmembrane glycosyltransferases in the appropriate Golgi compartments. Some of the cytosolic machinery required for the steady-state localization of some Golgi enzymes is known. Erd1 facilitates Golgi glycosyltransferase recycling by directly interacting with both the Golgi enzymes and the cytosolic receptor, Vps74 (Q06385) (Sardana et al. 2021). Loss of Erd1 function results in mislocalization of Golgi enzymes to the vacuole/lysosome. Thus, Erd1 forms an integral part of the recycling machinery and ensures productive recycling of several early Golgi enzymes as well as how the localization of Golgi glycosyltransferases is spatially and temporally regulated.

The generalized reaction catalyzed by Pho1 is:

Pi (cells) → Pi (xylem)

This family belongs to the IT Superfamily.

This family belongs to the: IT Superfamily.
View Proteins belonging to: The Phosphate Permease (Pho1) Family

References associated with 2.A.94 family:

Anheim, M., U. López-Sánchez, D. Giovannini, A.C. Richard, J. Touhami, L. N''Guyen, G. Rudolf, A. Thibault-Stoll, T. Frebourg, D. Hannequin, D. Campion, J.L. Battini, M. Sitbon, and G. Nicolas. (2016). XPR1 mutations are a rare cause of primary familial brain calcification. J Neurol 263: 1559-1564. 27230854
Burns, D., R. Berlinguer-Palmini, and A. Werner. (2024). XPR1: a regulator of cellular phosphate homeostasis rather than a Pi exporter. Pflugers Arch 476: 861-869. 38507112
Giovannini, D., J. Touhami, P. Charnet, M. Sitbon, and J.L. Battini. (2013). Inorganic phosphate export by the retrovirus receptor XPR1 in metazoans. Cell Rep 3: 1866-1873. 23791524
Hamburger, D., E. Rezzonico, J. MacDonald-Comber Petétot, C. Somerville, and Y. Poirier. (2002). Identification and characterization of the Arabidopsis PHO1 gene involved in phosphate loading to the xylem. Plant Cell 14: 889-902. 11971143
Legati, A., D. Giovannini, G. Nicolas, U. López-Sánchez, B. Quintáns, J.R. Oliveira, R.L. Sears, E.M. Ramos, E. Spiteri, M.J. Sobrido, &.#.1.9.3.;. Carracedo, C. Castro-Fernández, S. Cubizolle, B.L. Fogel, C. Goizet, J.C. Jen, S. Kirdlarp, A.E. Lang, Z. Miedzybrodzka, W. Mitarnun, M. Paucar, H. Paulson, J. Pariente, A.C. Richard, N.S. Salins, S.A. Simpson, P. Striano, P. Svenningsson, F. Tison, V.K. Unni, O. Vanakker, M.W. Wessels, S. Wetchaphanphesat, M. Yang, F. Boller, D. Campion, D. Hannequin, M. Sitbon, D.H. Geschwind, J.L. Battini, and G. Coppola. (2015). Mutations in XPR1 cause primary familial brain calcification associated with altered phosphate export. Nat. Genet. 47: 579-581. 25938945
Quaghebeur, M., and Z. Rengel. (2004). Arsenic uptake, translocation and speciation in pho1 and pho2 mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana. Physiol. Plant. 120: 280-286. 15032863
Sardana, R., C.M. Highland, B.E. Straight, C.F. Chavez, J.C. Fromme, and S.D. Emr. (2021). Golgi membrane protein Erd1 Is essential for recycling a subset of Golgi glycosyltransferases. Elife 10:. 34821548
Stefanovic, A., C. Ribot, H. Rouached, Y. Wang, J. Chong, L. Belbahri, S. Delessert, and Y. Poirier. (2007). Members of the PHO1 gene family show limited functional redundancy in phosphate transfer to the shoot, and are regulated by phosphate deficiency via distinct pathways. Plant J. 50: 982-994. 17461783
Wild, R., R. Gerasimaite, J.Y. Jung, V. Truffault, I. Pavlovic, A. Schmidt, A. Saiardi, H.J. Jessen, Y. Poirier, M. Hothorn, and A. Mayer. (2016). Control of eukaryotic phosphate homeostasis by inositol polyphosphate sensor domains. Science 352: 986-990. 27080106
Zhang, W., Y. Chen, Z. Guan, Y. Wang, M. Tang, Z. Du, J. Zhang, M. Cheng, J. Zuo, Y. Liu, Q. Wang, Y. Liu, D. Zhang, P. Yin, L. Ma, and Z. Liu. (2025). Structural insights into the mechanism of phosphate recognition and transport by XPR1. Nat Commun 16: 18. 39747008