3.A.19.1.5
ArsA2 of 362 aas (see description for ArsA1 (TC# 3.A.19.1.4) which has a similar function, but instead of targetting the chloroplast, ArsA2 targets the ER.  It recognizes and selectively binds the transmembrane domain of TA proteins in the cytosol. This complex then targets to the endoplasmic reticulum by membrane-bound receptors, where the tail-anchored protein is released for insertion. This process is regulated by ATP binding and hydrolysis (Maestre-Reyna et al. 2017). ATP binding drives the homodimer towards the closed dimer state, facilitating recognition of newly synthesized TA membrane proteins. ATP hydrolysis is required for insertion. Subsequently, the homodimer reverts towards the open dimer state, lowering its affinity for the membrane-bound receptor, and returning it to the cytosol to initiate a new round of targeting.