8.A.58.1.1
The interferon-induced transmembrane protein, IFITM1 (CD225, IFI17), of 125 aas and 2 TMSs (Li et al. 2015). IFITM3 accumulation at the sites of virus fusion is a prerequisite for its antiviral activity, and this protein traps viral fusion at a hemifusion stage by preventing the formation of fusion pores. The ability to utilize alternative endocytic pathways for entry confers IFITM3-resistance to otherwise sensitive viruses (Suddala et al. 2019). The Na⁺/taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP, SLC10A1) is both a physiological bile acid transporter and the high-affinity hepatic receptor for the hepatitis B and D viruses (HBV/HDV). Virus entry via endocytosis of the virus/NTCP complex involves co-factors. It is active against multiple viruses, including influenza A virus, SARS coronaviruses (SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2), Marburg virus (MARV), Ebola virus (EBOV), Dengue virus (DNV), West Nile virus (WNV), human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) (Shi et al. 2021). IFITMs mediate protein abundance as it regulates the expression of viral and oncogenic proteins (Gómez-Herranz et al. 2022). IFITM1 enhances cholesterol transport to the Golgi to accumulate cholesterol at Golgi-derived replication sites, providing a novel mechanism by which IFITM1 enables efficient genome replication of non-enveloped RNA virus (Ishikawa-Sasaki et al. 2023).

---