8.B.1.1.6
Pain-inducing α-toxin of 97 aas, CvIV4 (Rowe et al. 2011).  CvIV4 slowed the fast inactivation of Na(v)1.7, a Na⁺ channel expressed in peripheral pain-pathway neurons (nociceptors), but did not affect the Na(v)1.8-based sodium currents of these neurons. CvIV4 also slowed the fast inactivation of Na(v)1.2, Na(v)1.3 and Na(v)1.4. The effects of CvIV4 are similar to Old World α-toxins that target Na(v)1.7 (AahII, BmK MI, LqhIII, OD1).