9.B.27.1.8
Transmembrane protein 41B, TMEM41B, of 291 aas and 5 or 6 TMSs in a possible 1 + 2 + 3 TMS arrangement.  It is required for normal motor neuron development as well as autophagosome formation (Morita et al. 2018; Shoemaker et al. 2019). TMEM41B and VMP1, two endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident transmembrane proteins, play important roles in regulating the formation of lipid droplets (LDs), autophagy initiation, and viral infection. Both are critical to the normal distribution of cholesterol and phosphatidylserine, and they have ER scramblase activities, thus shedding light on the mechanism by which TMEM41B and VMP1 regulate LD formation, lipid distribution, macroautophagy, and viral infection (Zhang et al. 2021; Nakao and Nakano 2022).