2.A.25 The Alanine or Glycine:Cation Symporter (AGCS) Family Members of the AGCS family transport alanine and/or glycine in symport with Na⁺ and or H⁺. The proteins are of 445-542 amino acyl residues in length and possess 8-12 putative transmembrane α-helical spanners. They may possess 11 TMSs as seems to be true for DagA and AgcS, although Acp has only 8 (truncated?). They are found in bacteria and archaea. Only three members of the family have been functionally characterized. These proteins show limited sequence similarity in the APC family (TC# 2.A.3), and homology has been established. The generalized transport reaction catalyzed by the AGCS family is: alanine or glycine (out) + Na⁺ or H⁺ (out) → alanine or glycine (in) + Na⁺ or H⁺ (in).
This family belongs to the APC Superfamily.
References:
Bualuang A., Kageyama H., Tanaka Y., Incharoensakdi A. and Takabe T. (201). Functional characterization of a member of alanine or glycine: cation symporter family in halotolerant cyanobacterium Aphanothece halophytica. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 79(2):230-5.
Kamata, H., S. Akiyama, H. Morosawa, T. Ohta, T. Hamamoto, T. Kambe, Y. Kagawa, and H. Hirata. (1992). Primary structure of the alanine carrier protein of thermophilic bacterium PS3. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 21650-21655.
Kanamori, M., H. Kamata, H. Yagisawa, and H. Hirata. (1999). Overexpression of the alanine carrier protein gene from thermophilic bacterium PS3 in Escherichia coli. J Biochem 125: 454-459.
Moore, B.C. and J.A. Leigh. (2005). Markerless mutagenesis in Methanococcus maripaludis demonstrates roles for alanine dehydrogenase, alanine racemase, and alanine permease. J. Bacteriol. 187: 972-979.
Reizer, J., A. Reizer and M.H. Saier, Jr. (1994). A functional superfamily of sodium/solute symporters. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1197: 133-166.
Rodionov, D.A., P. Hebbeln, A. Eudes, J. ter Beek, I.A. Rodionova, G.B. Erkens, D.J. Slotboom, M.S. Gelfand, A.L. Osterman, A.D. Hanson, and T. Eitinger. (2009). A novel class of modular transporters for vitamins in prokaryotes. J. Bacteriol. 191: 42-51.
Rodionov, D.A., P.S. Novichkov, E.D. Stavrovskaya, I.A. Rodionova, X. Li, M.D. Kazanov, D.A. Ravcheev, A.V. Gerasimova, A.E. Kazakov, G.Y. Kovaleva, E.A. Permina, O.N. Laikova, R. Overbeek, M.F. Romine, J.K. Fredrickson, A.P. Arkin, I. Dubchak, A.L. Osterman, and M.S. Gelfand. (2011). Comparative genomic reconstruction of transcriptional networks controlling central metabolism in the Shewanella genus. BMC Genomics 12Suppl1: S3.
Yoshida, K., H. Yamaguchi, M. Kinehara, Y.H. Ohki, Y. Nakaura, and Y. Fujita. (2003). Identification of additional TnrA-regulated genes of Bacillus subtilis associated with a TnrA box. Mol. Microbiol. 49: 157-165.
Examples:
TC#	Name	Organismal Type	Example
2.A.25.1.1	Alanine (or glycine):Na⁺ symporter	Bacteria	DagA of Alteromonas haloplanktis

2.A.25.1.10	Putative Ala/Gly transporter of 476 aas and 11 TMSs, YaaJ		YaaJ of E. coli

2.A.25.1.2	Alanine:Na⁺ (or H⁺) symporter (Kamata et al. 1992; Kanamori et al. 1999). The sequence as reported appears to lack the first 45 aas and the first two tMSs, probably because of incorrect initiation codon selection.	Bacteria	Acp of thermophilic bacterium PS-3

2.A.25.1.3	Alanine:Na⁺ symporter, AgcS (Moore and Leigh, 2005)	Archaea	*AgcS of Methanococcus maripaludis* (CAF31067)**

2.A.25.1.4	*The putative glycine porter, GlyP. Regulated by Glycine riboswitch (Rodionov et al.* 2011)**	Proteobacteria, Firmicutes	*GlyP of Shewanella oneidensis* (Q8EII1)**

2.A.25.1.5	*Amino-acid carrier protein, AlsT. Negatively regulated by TnrA (Yoshida et al.* 2003).**	Bacilli	AlsT of Bacillus subtilis

2.A.25.1.6	Putative bifunctional protein of 748 aas and 12 TMSs with an N-terminal sodium:alanine symporter domain and a C-terminal phosphatidylserine decarboxylase proenzyme domain.	Spirochaetes	Bifunctional protein of Leptospira biflexa

2.A.25.1.7	Putative alanine/glycine transporter of 443 aas and 11 TMSs.	Proteobacteria	PP of Anaplasma phagocytophilum

2.A.25.1.8	Putative alanine/glycine transporter of 447 aas and 11 TMSs.	Firmicutes	Putative transporter of Clostridium novyi

2.A.25.1.9	*Probable Glycine/alanine/asparagine/glutamine uptake porter, AgcS (Bualuang et al.* 2014).**	Proteobacteria	AgcS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Examples:
TC#	Name	Organismal Type	Example