9.b.369. The Van Gogh-like Protein (VANGL) Family This family consists of proteins of 400 - 600 aas with 4 closely positioned TMSs within a larger protein with both N- and C-terminal hydrophilic domains. It is called the VANGL or Strabismus family. It may function with retromer complexes to recycle intracellular vacuolar constituents. It may function with proteins such as Frzzled, Dishevelled, Diego, Flaminco, and the cargo adaptor protein, SNx27.
References:
Almeida, S.M., S. Ivantsiv, R. Niibori, W.H. Dunham, B.A. Green, L. Zhao, A.C. Gingras, and S.P. Cordes. (2023). An interaction between OTULIN and SCRIB uncovers roles for linear ubiquitination in planar cell polarity. Dis Model Mech 16:.
Strutt, H., P.F. Langton, N. Pearson, K.J. McMillan, D. Strutt, and P.J. Cullen. (2019). Retromer Controls Planar Polarity Protein Levels and Asymmetric Localization at Intercellular Junctions. Curr. Biol. 29: 484-491.e6.
Examples:
TC#	Name	Organismal Type	Example
9.B.369.1.1	The 4 TMS Strabismus2 (STB2), Van Gogh-like-1 (VANGL1)protein with 524 aas. It may function with retromer complexes (TC#s 9.A.3 and 9.A.63). Retromer controls planar polarity protein levels and asymmetric localization at intercellular junctions (Strutt et al. 2019). Planar cell polarity (PCP) plays critical roles in developmental and homeostatic processes. Membrane presentation of PCP complexes containing Van Gogh-like (VANGL) transmembrane proteins is central to PCP and can be directed by the scaffold protein scribble (SCRIB) (Almeida et al. 2023).		STB2 of Homo sapiens

9.B.369.1.2	Van Gogh Protein of 789 aas and 4 N-terminal TMSs		VANGL protein of Schistosoma japonicum

9.B.369.1.3	Uncharacterized protein of 702 aas and 4 TMSs		*UP of Fasciola hepatica* (liver fluke)**

9.B.369.1.4	Uncharacterized protein of 770 aas and 4 central TMSs.		UP of Rodentolepis nana

9.B.369.1.5	Uncharacterized protein of 354 aas and 2 C-terminal TMSs		UP of Protopolystoma xenopodis

9.B.369.1.6	Uncharacterized protein of 1085 aas and 5 TMSs, 1 N-terminal and 4 together in the central part of the protein.		UP of Sparganum proliferum