| 2.A.118 The Basic Amino Acid Antiporter (ArcD) Family
The ArcD family is a constituent of the IT superfamily (Lolkema and Slotboom, 2003; Prakash et al., 2003; Rabus et al., 1999). It is the st313/AitC family of Lolkema and Slotboom (2003). It consists of proteins from Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (e.g., Streptococcus, Escherichia, Salmonella, Fusobacterium and Borrelia species). The proteins are of about 480 aas with 10-12 putative TMSs. Functionally characterized homologues are in the DcuC (TC #2.A.61) and ArsB (TC #2.A.4) families. Some members of the family probably catalyze arginine/ornithine or citruline/ornithine antiport (Gupta et al., 2013; Rimaux et al., 2013).
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This family belongs to the IT Superfamily.
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| References: |
Gupta, R., J. Yang, Y. Dong, E. Swiatlo, J.R. Zhang, D.W. Metzger, and G. Bai. (2013). Deletion of arcD in Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 impairs its capsule and attenuates virulence. Infect. Immun. 81: 3903-3911.
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Lolkema, J.S. and D.J. Slotboom. (2003). Classification of 29 families of secondary transport proteins into a single structural class using hydropathy profile analysis. J. Mol. Biol. 327: 901-909.
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Prakash, S., G. Cooper, S. Singhi, and M.H. Saier, Jr. (2003). The ion transporter superfamily. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1618: 79-92.
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Rabus, R., D.L. Jack, D.J. Kelly, and M.H. Saier, Jr. (1999). TRAP transporters: an ancient family of extracytoplasmic solute-receptor-dependent secondary active transporters. Microbiology 145(Pt12): 3431-3445.
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Rimaux, T., A. Rivière, E.M. Hebert, F. Mozzi, S. Weckx, L. De Vuyst, and F. Leroy. (2013). A putative transport protein is involved in citrulline excretion and re-uptake during arginine deiminase pathway activity by Lactobacillus sakei. Res. Microbiol. 164: 216-225.
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Wang, X., Y. Xie, P. Gao, S. Zhang, H. Tan, F. Yang, R. Lian, J. Tian, and G. Xu. (2014). A metabolomics-based method for studying the effect of yfcC gene in Escherichia coli on metabolism. Anal Biochem 451: 48-55.
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| Examples: |
| TC# | Name | Organismal Type | Example |
| 2.A.118.1.1 | Putative arginine transporter | Bacteria | The putative arginine transporter of Enterococcus faecalis (CAC41345) |
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| 2.A.118.1.2 | Putative C4 dicarboxylate transporter (DcuC) (based only on similarity) | Bacteria | The putative C4 dicarboxylate transporter of Mesorhizobium sp. BNC1 (EAN06503) |
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| 2.A.118.1.3 | Putative C4 dicarboxylate anaerobic carrier | Bacterioidetes | Putative dicarboxylate carrier of Odoribacter splanchnicus |
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| 2.A.118.1.4 | Putative short chain fatty acid transporter | Proteobacteria | SCFA transporter of Vibrio coralliilyticus |
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| 2.A.118.1.5 | Putative arginine/ornithine antiporter, ArcD | Proteobacteria | ArcD of Francisella sp. |
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| 2.A.118.1.6 | Putative arginine/ornithine antiporter of 503 aas, ArcD. Deletion impairs capsule formation and virulence (Gupta et al. 2013). | Firmicutes | ArcD of Streptococcus pneumoniae |
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| 2.A.118.1.7 | The probable citruline/ornithine antiporter of 519 aas and 13 TMSs, ArcD (Rimaux et al. 2013). | Firmicutes | ArcD of Lactobacillus sakei |
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| 2.A.118.1.8 | Possible dicarboxylate transporter of 506 aas and 13 TMSs, YfcC. Its expression affects the glyoxylate shunt and upregulates the glyoxylate shunt enzymes, AceA and AceB (Wang et al. 2014). | | YfcC of E. coli |
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