| TCID | Name | Domain | Kingdom/Phylum | Protein(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.A.117.1: The (mainly) Proteobacterial Chlorhexidine Efflux (PCE) family | ||||
|
2.A.117.1.1 | The Chlorhexidine drug-resistance exporter, AceI of 179 aas and 4 TMSs (Hassan et al. 2013) . It is capable of exporting multiple drugs such as benzalkonium, dequalinium, proflavine, and acriflavine. (Hassan et al. 2015). The aceI gene is induced in A. baumannii by the short-chain diamines, cadaverine and putrescine. Membrane transport experiments conducted in whole cells of A. baumannii and Escherichia coli and also in proteoliposomes showed that AceI mediates the efflux of these short-chain diamines (polyamines) such as when energized by an electrochemical gradient (Hassan et al. 2019), suggesting that they are the phsiological substrates of AceI. AceI can form dimers and is regulated at the transcriptional level by AceR (Bolla et al. 2020). | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | AceI of Acinetobacter baumannii |
|
2.A.117.1.2 | Chlorhexidine-responsive chlorhexadine exporter of 171 aas and 4 TMSs. | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | AceI of Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
|
2.A.117.1.3 | Chlorhexidine-responsive putative chlorhxidine exporter of 160 aas and 4 TMSs, AceI (Hassan et al. 2013). It confers resistance to both proflavine and acriflavine by an active efflux mechanism (Hassan et al. 2015). AceR is an activator of aceI gene expression when challenged with chlorhexidine (Liu et al. 2018). This system also exports polyamines (organic diamines) such as cadaverine and putrescine (and possibly spermidine with low affinity). It is induced preferentially by cadaverine and putrescine, and to a much lesser extent by spermidine. An AceI-E15Q mutant is inactive (Hassan et al. 2019). | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | AceI of Salmonella typhi |
|
2.A.117.1.4 | Chlorhexidine-unresponsive putative drug exporter of 147 aas and 4 TMSs. | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | Drug exporter of Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
|
2.A.117.1.5 | Chlorhexidine-unresponsive putative drug exporter of 144 aas and 4 TMSs. | Bacteria |
Thermodesulfobacteriota | Drug exporter of Desulfovibrio vulgaris |
|
2.A.117.1.6 | Uncharacterized putative drug exporter of 134 aas and 4 TMSs. | Bacteria |
Bacillota | UP of Veillonella parvula |
|
2.A.117.1.7 | Uncharacterized putative drug exporter of 147 aas and 4 TMSs. | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | UP of Methylobacterium populi |
|
2.A.117.1.8 | Uncharacterized putative drug exporter of 179 aas and 4 TMSs. | Bacteria |
Actinomycetota | UP of Micrococcus luteus |
|
2.A.117.1.9 | Uncharacterized putative drug exporter of 346 aas and 4 N-terminal TMSs with a long C-terminal hydrophilic domain. | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | UP of Pseudomonas fluorescens |
|
2.A.117.1.10 | Uncharacterized putative drug exporter of 148 aas and 4 TMSs. | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | Transmembrane poir domain-protein of Azospira oryzae (Dechlorosoma suillum) |
|
2.A.117.1.11 | Uncharacterized putative drug exporter of 140 aas and 4 TMSs. | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | UP of Shewanella hoihica |
|
2.A.117.1.12 | The Unknown Bacterial Transmembrane Pair (UBTP) family member of 146 aas and 4 TMSs. Chlorhexidine-unresponsive (Hassan et al. 2013). | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | UBTP family member of Burkholderia cenocepacia |
|
2.A.117.1.13 | Member of the Proteobacterial Antimicrobial Compound Efflux (PACE) family. This protein is of 140 aas with 4 TMSs. It has been shown to be an active drug exporter, conferring resistance to both proflavine and acriflavine, mediated by an active efflux mechanism (Hassan et al. 2018). | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | UBTP2 family member of Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
|
2.A.117.2.1 | Uncharacterized putative drug exporter of 142 aas and 4 TMSs. | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | UP of Rhodobacter spheroides |
|
2.A.117.2.2 | Uncharacterized protein of 148 aas and 4 TMSs in a 2 + 2 TMS arrangement. | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | UP of Hyphomicrobium sp. (freshwater metagenome) |
|
2.A.117.2.3 | PACE efflux transporter protein of 153 aas and 4 TMSs in a 2 + 2 TMS arrangement. | Bacteria |
Planctomycetota | PACE exporter of Planctomycetes bacterium (activated sludge metagenome) |
|
2.A.117.3.1 | Uncharacterized protein of 88 aas and 2 TMSs. Its sequence correspondes to the N-terminus of full length homologues and may therefore be a truncated version of a 4 TMS proteins. | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | UP of Yangia sp. PrR003 |