8.B.40. The Conotoxin (Con-ikot-ikot/Conopressin/Conophysin/Conokunitzin/ConoCAP) (CCCCC) Family
The precursor proteins of this family mostly consist of large conotoxins of ~ 125 aas with an N-terminal TMS. They have been named as noted in the title of the paper by Robinson and Norton 2014. Conus snail polypeptides cause excitotoxicity by blocking desensitization of AMPA receptors (Walker et al. 2009). 9.3 KDa components of the injected venom of Conus purpurascens define a new five-disulfide conotoxin framework (Möller and Marí 2011). There are many conotoxins (Sudewi et al. 2019; Zamora-Bustillos et al. 2021).
This family belongs to the: Conotoxin Superfamily.
References associated with 8.B.40 family:
Möller, C. and F. Marí. (2011). 9.3 KDa components of the injected venom of Conus purpurascens define a new five-disulfide conotoxin framework. Biopolymers 96: 158-165. 20564010
Moreno, E., C. Tovar-Palacio, P. de los Heros, B. Guzmán, N.A. Bobadilla, N. Vázquez, D. Riccardi, E. Poch, and G. Gamba. (2004). A single nucleotide polymorphism alters the activity of the renal Na+:Cl- cotransporter and reveals a role for transmembrane segment 4 in chloride and thiazide affinity. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 16553-16560. 14766743
Peng, C., G. Yao, B.M. Gao, C.X. Fan, C. Bian, J. Wang, Y. Cao, B. Wen, Y. Zhu, Z. Ruan, X. Zhao, X. You, J. Bai, J. Li, Z. Lin, S. Zou, X. Zhang, Y. Qiu, J. Chen, S.L. Coon, J. Yang, J.S. Chen, and Q. Shi. (2016). High-throughput identification of novel conotoxins from the Chinese tubular cone snail (Conus betulinus) by multi-transcriptome sequencing. Gigascience 5: 17. 27087938
Robinson, S.D. and R.S. Norton. (2014). Conotoxin gene superfamilies. Mar Drugs 12: 6058-6101. 25522317
Sudewi, A.A.R., N.M. Susilawathi, B.K. Mahardika, A.N. Mahendra, M. Pharmawati, M.A. Phuong, and G.N. Mahardika. (2019). Selecting Potential Neuron.al Drug Leads from Conotoxins of Various Venomous Marine Cone Snails in Bali, Indonesia. ACS Omega 4: 19483-19490. 31763573
Walker, C.S., S. Jensen, M. Ellison, J.A. Matta, W.Y. Lee, J.S. Imperial, N. Duclos, P.J. Brockie, D.M. Madsen, J.T. Isaac, B. Olivera, and A.V. Maricq. (2009). A novel Conus snail polypeptide causes excitotoxicity by blocking desensitization of AMPA receptors. Curr. Biol. 19: 900-908. 19481459
Zamora-Bustillos, R., M.A. Martínez-Núñez, M.B. Aguilar, R.C. Collí-Dula, and D.A. Brito-Domínguez. (2021). Identification of Novel Conotoxin Precursors from the Cone Snail by High-Throughput RNA Sequencing. Mar Drugs 19:. 34677446