TCID | Name | Domain | Kingdom/Phylum | Protein(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
4.A.1.1.1 | Glucose porter (PtsG; GlcA; Umg) (transports D-glucose and α-methyl-D-glucopyranoside). The IIC domain has been crystallized, and x-ray data to 4.5 Å resolution have been described (Zurbriggen et al. 2010). A higher resolution structure appeared later (Ren et al. 2018). The system has been manipulated to engineer increased production of aromatic metabolites (Carmona et al. 2015, Vargas-Tah et al. 2015). The presence or absence of D-glucose reflects the transporter before and after release of the transported glucose into the cytoplasm. The transition associated with substrate release appears to require a subtle structural rearrangement in the region that includes hairpin 1 (Kalbermatter et al. 2017). Mlc (for makes large colonies) represses transcription of the genes encoding enzyme I, HPr, EIIBCGlc and EIIABCDMan in defined media that lack PTS substrates. When glucose is present, the unphosphorylated form of EIIBCGlc sequesters Mlc to the cell membrane, preventing its interaction with DNA (Plumbridge 2002, Joyet et al. 2013). The Vibrio Mlc functions similarly (Pickering et al. 2014). A small (43 aa) protein, SgrT, acts in tandem with a well-characterized small RNA during metabolic stress, due to the accumulation of cytoplasmic sugar-Ps to help bacterial cells maintain balanced metabolism and continue growing. SgrT acts on the glucose transport system, inhibiting its activity under stress conditions in order to allow cells to utilize alternative carbon sources (Lloyd et al. 2017). ptsG mRNA localization to the inner membrane, coupled with the membrane insertion of nascent peptide, mediates Hfq/SgrS-dependent ptsG mRNA destabilization, presumably by reducing second rounds of translation (Kawamoto et al. 2005). SgrT is a small protein of 43 aas that allosterically inhibits IICBGlc. while SgrS is a small RNA coompementary to ptsG mRNA that influences its expression. The sgrST operon is regulated by SgrR, a glucose-6-P-dependent transcriptional activator (Jeckelmann and Erni 2020).
| Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | PtsG/Crr; Glucose IICB/IIA complex of E. coli |
4.A.1.1.2 | N-Acetyl glucosamine (NAG) porter (NagE) (Plumbridge 2015). | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | NagE, the IICBANag complex of E. coli |
4.A.1.1.3 | Maltose/glucose porter (MalX) of 510 aas and 10 TMSs. This system functions with the glucose IIA protein (Reidl and Boos 1991; Jeckelmann and Erni 2020). | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | Maltose IICB complex (MalX) of E. coli |
4.A.1.1.4 | The α-glucoside-specific IICB (MalB) (substrates probably include glucosyl-α-fructose disaccharides: trehalurose (α-1,1), turanose (α-1,3), malturose (α-1,4), leucrose (α-1,5) and palatinose (α-1,6)). | Bacteria |
Fusobacteriota | The α-glucoside IICB, MalB of Fusobacterium mortiferum |
4.A.1.1.5 | N-Acetylglucosamine (NAG) porter (PtsBC1C2)(also may facilitate xylose transport) (Saito and Schrempf 2004). | Bacteria |
Actinomycetota | The NAG IICC'B complex of Streptomyces olivaceoviridis (IIA not identified) IICNag (PtsC1) IIC'Nag (PtsC2) IIBNag (PtsB) |
4.A.1.1.6 | The glucosamine IICBA porter (GamP) (40% identical to 4.A.1.1.2) (Plumbridge 2015). The IIA domain in this protein can transfer the phosphoryl moiety to the maltose, N-acetylglucosamine, sucrose and trehalose PTS systems (MalP, NagP, SacP and TreP, respectively) (Morabbi Heravi and Altenbuchner 2018). | Bacteria |
Bacillota | GamP of Bacillus subtilis (gi2632521) |
4.A.1.1.7 | The N-acetylglucosamine IICB porter (NagP; YflF) (45% identical to 4.A.1.1.2) (Plumbridge 2015). | Bacteria |
Bacillota | NagP of Bacillus subtilis (gi2443228) |
4.A.1.1.8 | The maltose IICB porter (MalP; GlvC) (56% identical to 4.A.1.1.4) (Yamamoto et al., 2001). | Bacteria |
Bacillota | MalP of Bacillus subtilis (IICBA) (P54715) |
4.A.1.1.9 | The glucose IICBA porter (PtsG) 44% identical to 4.A.1.1.1) | Bacteria |
Bacillota | PtsG of Bacillus subtilis (P20166) |
4.A.1.1.10 | The α-glucoside-specific IICB, AglB (transports glucose, methyl-α-glucoside, maltitol, isomaltose, trehalulose α(1→1), turanose α(1→3), maltulose α(1→4), leucrose α(1→5), and palatinose α(1→6), but not sucrose (most resembles 4.A.1.1.4 and 4.A.1.1.8) (Pikis et al., 2006) | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | Glucose/α-glucoside IICB complex of Klebsiella pneumoniae (Q9AGA7) |
4.A.1.1.11 | The glucose/maltose/maltotriose porter, MalT or PtsG (31% identical to 4.A.1.1.9) (Webb et al., 2007). Lactoperoxidase (LPO) shows promise in the prevention of dental caries. It has antimicrobial properties and is part of the non-specific antimicrobial immune system. A thiocyanate-iodide mixture strongly inhibited glucose and sucrose consumption as well as transmembrane PTS glucose transport. Thus, the LPO-iodide system had a strong inhibitory effect on biofilm growth and lactate synthesis (complete inhibition) (Magacz et al. 2023). | Bacteria |
Bacillota | MalT/PtsG IICBA of Streptococcus mutans (Q8DS05) |
4.A.1.1.12 | Maltose/Maltotriose PTS transporter, MalT (Shelburne et al., 2008) 631aas (68% identical to 4.A.1.1.11 from S. mutans | Bacteria |
Bacillota | MalT IICBA of Streptococcus pyogenes (Q48WG5) |
4.A.1.1.13 | Glucose porter, GlcA (IICBA). Glucose uptake is inhibited by 2-deoxyglucose and methyl-β-D-glucoside (Christiansen and Hengstenberg, 1999). | Bacteria |
Bacillota | GlcA of Staphylococcus carnosus (Q57071) |
4.A.1.1.14 | Glucose porter GlcB (IICBA). Glucose uptake is inhibited by methyl-α-D-glucoside, methyl-β-D-glucoside, p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucoside, o-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucoside and salicin, but not by 2-deoxyglucose. Mannose and N-acetylglucosamine are not transported (Christiansen and Hengstenberg, 1999). | Bacteria |
Bacillota | GlcB of Staphylococcus carnosus (Q53922) |
4.A.1.1.15 | N-acetyl glucosamine-specific PTS permease, GlcNAc IIBC/GlcNAc I-HPr-IIA (Johnson et al. 2008) | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | GlcNAc IIBC/GlcNAc I-HPr-IIA of Pseudomonas aeruginosa GlcNAc IIBC (Q9HXN4) GlcNAc I-HPr-IIA (Q9HXN5) |
4.A.1.1.16 | PTS uptake porter for sucrose isomers, IICB (Thompson and Pikis 2012). | Bacteria |
Fusobacteriota | IICB for sucose isomers of Leptotrichia buccalis |
4.A.1.1.17 | The Maltose group translocator, MalT of 470 aas and 10 TMSs. Takes up extracellular maltose, releasing maltose-phosphate into the cytoplasm. The 3-d structure at 2.55 Å resolution has been solved (McCoy et al. 2016; Vastermark and Saier 2016). | Bacillota | MalT of Bacillus cereus | |
4.A.1.1.18 | Glucose-specific Enzyme IIBC of the PTS, PtsG. Essential for infectivity and virulence in mice although no other PTS Enzyme II is required (Khajanchi et al. 2016). | Bacteria |
Spirochaetota | IIBCGlc (PtsG) of Borrelia burgdorferi |
4.A.1.1.19 | PTS α-glucoside transporter, subunit IICB (Francl et al. 2010). | Bacteria |
Bacillota | IICB of Lactobacillus gasseri |
4.A.1.1.20 | The N-acetylglucosamine PTS transporter/kinase, NagE2 (416 aas; IIC)/NagF (77 aas; IIB). The IIA specific for glucose (Crr) is the IIA for this system, and activity depends on Enzyme I and HPr (Nothaft et al. 2010). The genes encoding these enzymes are regulated by two transcription factors, DasR and AtrA, and the system serves as a sensor as well as a transporter/kinase (Nothaft et al. 2010). | Bacteria |
Actinomycetota | NagE2F of Streptomyces coelicolor |
4.A.1.1.21 | Enzyme IIA of 168 aas. It is of the glucose type and can phosphorylate maltose via MalP (TC# 4.A..1.1.8), N-acetyl glucosamine via NagP (TC#4.A.1.1.7), sucrose via SacX (TC#4.A.1.2.10) and SacP (TC# 4.A.1.2.9), and trehalose via TreP (TC# 4.A.1.2.8), none of which have their own IIA protein (Morabbi Heravi and Altenbuchner 2018). Other Enzymes IIA could also phosphorlyate these sugars via their respective IIBC proteins. | Bacteria |
Bacillota | PtsA (YpqE) IIA protein of Bacillus subtilis |
4.A.1.2.1 | Sucrose porter (ScrA) | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | Sucrose IIBC complex (ScrA) of plasmid pUR400 from Salmonella typhimurium |
4.A.1.2.2 | β-Glucoside (salicin, arbutin, cellobiose, etc) group translocator, BglF. The bgl operon, encoding BglF, is regulated by antitermination when the RNA antiterminator protein, BglG, binds to one or both RAT sites in the mRNA (Gordon et al. 2015). | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | BglF (IIBCAbgl) complex of E. coli |
4.A.1.2.3 | β-Glucoside [arbutin-salicin-cellobiose] (ASC) group translocator, AscF (Desai et al. 2010). | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | AscF (IICBAsc complex) of E. coli |
4.A.1.2.4 | Trehalose porter, TreB (IIBC) which can take up maltose by facilitated diffusion (Decker et al. 1999). Can also transport sucrose at a low rate (Steen et al. 2014). | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | Trehalose IIBC complex of E. coli |
4.A.1.2.5 | β-glucoside (methyl-β-glucoside, salicin, arbutin) porter, BglF [a V317A or V317M mutation allows it to transport cellobiose as well] (Kotrba et al., 2003) | Bacteria |
Actinomycetota | β-glucoside IIBCA (BglF) of Corynebacterium glutamicum |
4.A.1.2.6 | β-glucoside (Aesculin/arbutin) porter, BglP (Cote et al., 2000; Cote and Honeyman, 2003) | Bacteria |
Bacillota | β-glucoside IIBCA (BglP) of Streptococcus mutans (AAF89975) |
4.A.1.2.7 | N-Acetylmuramic acid porter, MurP (YfeV) (Dahl et al., 2004) | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | N-Acetylmuramate IIBC (MurP or YfeV) of E. coli (P77272) |
4.A.1.2.8 | Trehalose porter, IIBC (TreP) (38% identical to 4.A.1.2.4) (Schöck and Dahl 1996; Ujiie et al. 2009). | Bacteria |
Bacillota | TreP of Bacillus subtilis (P39794) |
4.A.1.2.9 | Sucrose porter, IIBC (SacP) (55% identical to 4.A.1.2.1) | Bacteria |
Bacillota | SacP of Bacillus subtilis (P05306) |
4.A.1.2.10 | Sucrose porter and regulatory sensor, IIBC (SacX) (43% identical to 4.A.1.2.1) (Tortosa and Le Coq 1995). The IIA domains of PtsA, GamP, PtsG and GmuA can all phosphorylate the IIB domain in the SacX sensor (Morabbi Heravi and Altenbuchner 2018). | Bacteria |
Bacillota | SacX of Bacillus subtilis (P15400) |
4.A.1.2.11 | Aryl β-glucoside porter, IIBCA (BglP; SytA) (35% identical to 4.A.1.2.2) | Bacteria |
Bacillota | BglP of Bacillus subtilis (P40739) |
4.A.1.2.12 | The sucrose porter, PtsS (regulated by SugR which also regulates other enzymes II) (Engels and Wendisch, 2007) | Bacteria |
Actinomycetota | PtsS (IIBCA) complex of Corynebacterium glutamicum (Q8NMD6) |
4.A.1.2.13 | Trehalose PTS permease IIBC of 494 aas (Ells and Truelstrup Hansen 2011). | Bacteria |
Bacillota | Trehalose IIBC of Listeria monocytogenese |
4.A.1.2.14 | PTS beta-glucoside transporter, EIIBCA of 672 aas and 12 predicted TMSs (Francl et al. 2010). | Bacillota | EIIBCA of Lactobacillus gasseri | |
4.A.1.2.15 | PTS beta-glucoside transporter, EIIBCA of 624 aas and 10 predicted TMSs (Francl et al. 2010). | Bacteria |
Bacillota | EIIBCA of Lactobacillus gasseri |
4.A.1.2.16 | PTS beta-glucoside transporter, EIIBCA of 647 aas and 10 predicted TMSs (Francl et al. 2010). | Bacteria |
Bacillota | EIIBCA of Lactobacillus gasseri |
4.A.1.2.17 | N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc)-selective PTS transport system, MurP, IIBC, of 455 aas and 10 - 12 TMSs. | Bacteria |
Bacillota | MurP of Bacillus velezensis |
4.A.1.2.18 | Glucose/fructose/glucosamine/mannose PTS IIABC system, FruA. FruA phosphorylates the sugar subrates on the 6-hydroxyl group (Mazé et al. 2007). | Bacteria |
Actinomycetota | FruA of Bifidobacterium breve |
4.A.1.2.19 | Fructooligosaccharide uptake porter of 651 aas and 10 TMSs, Pts1BCA (Chen et al. 2015). | Bacteria |
Bacillota | Pts1CA of Lactobacillus plantarum |